Appleton S S
Loma Linda University School of Dentistry, USA.
J Calif Dent Assoc. 2000 Dec;28(12):942-8.
Candida organisms live on the skin and mucous membranes of up to 75 percent of the population. They can live commensally without causing harm or can change to an aggressive form and invade tissue, causing both acute and chronic disease in the host. Oropharyngeal candidiasis manifests clinically as acute pseudomembranous, acute atrophic, chronic atrophic, chronic hypertrophic/hyperplastic, and angular cheilitis. Systemic infection leading to candidemia can be devastating and cause up to a 60 percent mortality rate in medical or post-surgical intensive care wards. Oral nystatin, clotrimazole, and fluconazole usually provide appropriate therapy; although resistance to medications is increasing, particularly in immunocompromised hosts.
高达75%的人群皮肤和黏膜上存在念珠菌。它们可以共生而不造成伤害，也可以转变为侵袭性形式并侵入组织，在宿主体内引发急性和慢性疾病。口腔念珠菌病在临床上表现为急性假膜性、急性萎缩性、慢性萎缩性、慢性肥厚性/增生性和口角炎。导致念珠菌血症的全身感染可能是毁灭性的，在医疗或外科重症监护病房中死亡率高达60%。口服制霉菌素、克霉唑和氟康唑通常提供适当的治疗；尽管对药物的耐药性在增加，尤其是在免疫功能低下的宿主中。
