Mebane C A
Idaho Division of Environmental Quality, Boise 83706, USA.
Environ Monit Assess. 2001 Mar;67(3):293-322. doi: 10.1023/a:1006306013724.
The purpose of this article is to report on the testing of responses of multimetric macroinvertebrate and habitat indices to common disturbances to streams: stream habitat alteration, excessive sediment, and elevated metals concentrations. Seven macroinvertebrate community metrics were combined into a macroinvertebrate biotic index (MBI), and 11 channel morphology, riparian, and substrate features were combined into a habitat index. Indices were evaluated by comparing the habitat results to fish population surveys and comparing the macroinvertebrate results to habitat ratings, percent fine sediments measured by Wolman pebble counts, and copper concentrations. Macroinvertebrate scores decreased with increasing percentages of fine sediments measured either across the bankfull or instream channel widths. Macroinvertebrate scores decreased with increasing copper. One metric, richness of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) taxa, was more responsive to both copper and sediment than was the multimetric MBI. Habitat scores corresponded well with the age class structure of salmonids, but not with that of benthic sculpins. Both salmonid and sculpin age classes declined with increasing percentages of fine sediments. The decline was graded with the sculpin age classes, whether fine sediments were measured across the instream or bankfull channel, whereas salmonids consistently responded only to the instream fine sediments.
溪流栖息地改变、过多沉积物和金属浓度升高。七个大型无脊椎动物群落指标被组合成一个大型无脊椎动物生物指数（MBI），11个河道形态、河岸和基质特征被组合成一个栖息地指数。通过将栖息地结果与鱼类种群调查进行比较，以及将大型无脊椎动物结果与栖息地评级、通过沃尔曼卵石计数测量的细粒沉积物百分比和铜浓度进行比较，来评估这些指数。大型无脊椎动物得分随着在满岸或河道内宽度上测量的细粒沉积物百分比增加而降低。大型无脊椎动物得分随着铜含量增加而降低。一个指标，蜉蝣目、襀翅目和毛翅目（EPT）类群的丰富度，比多指标MBI对铜和沉积物的响应更敏感。栖息地得分与鲑科鱼类的年龄结构对应良好，但与底栖杜父鱼的年龄结构不对应。鲑科鱼类和杜父鱼的年龄组都随着细粒沉积物百分比增加而下降。杜父鱼年龄组的下降是分级的，无论细粒沉积物是在河道内还是满岸测量，而鲑科鱼类始终只对河道内的细粒沉积物有反应。
