Ryan PR, Delhaize E, Jones DL
CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; e-mail:
Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol. 2001 Jun;52:527-560. doi: 10.1146/annurev.arplant.52.1.527.
The rhizosphere is the zone of soil immediately surrounding plant roots that is modified by root activity. In this critical zone, plants perceive and respond to their environment. As a consequence of normal growth and development, a large range of organic and inorganic substances are exchanged between the root and soil, which inevitably leads to changes in the biochemical and physical properties of the rhizosphere. Plants also modify their rhizosphere in response to certain environmental signals and stresses. Organic anions are commonly detected in this region, and their exudation from plant roots has now been associated with nutrient deficiencies and inorganic ion stresses. This review summarizes recent developments in the understanding of the function, mechanism, and regulation of organic anion exudation from roots. The benefits that plants derive from the presence of organic anions in the rhizosphere are described and the potential for biotechnology to increase organic anion exudation is highlighted.
根际是紧邻植物根系、因根系活动而发生改变的土壤区域。在这个关键区域，植物感知并响应其环境。作为正常生长和发育的结果，根系与土壤之间会交换大量有机和无机物质，这不可避免地导致根际生物化学和物理性质的变化。植物也会响应特定环境信号和胁迫来改变其根际。有机阴离子在该区域普遍存在，植物根系对其分泌目前已与养分缺乏和无机离子胁迫相关联。本文综述了对根系分泌有机阴离子的功能、机制和调控的最新认识进展。描述了植物从根际存在有机阴离子中获得的益处，并强调了生物技术提高有机阴离子分泌的潜力。
