Lieberman M D, Ochsner K N, Gilbert D T, Schacter D L
Department of Psychology, Franz Hall, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1563, USA.
Psychol Sci. 2001 Mar;12(2):135-40. doi: 10.1111/1467-9280.00323.
In two studies, we investigated the roles of explicit memory and attentional resources in the process of behavior-induced attitude change. Although most theories of attitude change (cognitive dissonance and self-perception theories) assume an important role for both mechanisms, we propose that behavior-induced attitude change can be a relatively automatic process that does not require explicit memory for, or consciously controlled processing of, the discrepancy between attitude and behavior. Using a free-choice paradigm, we found that both amnesics and normal participants under cognitive load showed as much attitude change as did control participants.
在两项研究中，我们调查了外显记忆和注意力资源在行为诱发态度改变过程中的作用。尽管大多数态度改变理论（认知失调理论和自我知觉理论）都认为这两种机制都起着重要作用，但我们提出，行为诱发的态度改变可能是一个相对自动的过程，不需要对外显记忆或对态度与行为之间的差异进行有意识的控制加工。使用自由选择范式，我们发现失忆症患者和认知负荷下的正常参与者与对照组参与者表现出同样多的态度改变。
