Kaufman Z, Cohen-Manheim I, Green M S
Israel Center for Disease Control, Gertner Institute for Health Policy Research, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.
Isr Med Assoc J. 2000 Oct;2(10):742-5.
Although influenza is usually a mild self-limiting disease it can cause serious complications in high risk groups. The economic costs of influenza are large due to the burden on the health system and absenteeism from work. There is evidence that the vaccine is underused in groups targeted for vaccination.
To estimate: a) the compliance rate with the influenza, vaccination in Israel during the winter seasons of 1998/1999 and 1999/2000, b) the role of health care personnel and the media in influencing compliance, and c) the reasons for lack of compliance in the elderly.
Two national population-based random telephone surveys of 1,500 households were performed during October 1999 and January 2000 to survey influenza vaccination compliance prior to the winters of 1998/1999 and 1999/2000 respectively. Each survey was performed during four successive evenings. The response rate was 78.1% for the first survey and 79.1% for the second.
Vaccination compliance was similar in both surveys. The average rate of vaccination was 6% for the population under 65 years and 50% for the population of 65 years and above. The overall vaccination rate was around 10%. The family physician was the main authority to recommend the vaccination, followed by the community nurse. Absence of recommendation and lack of faith in the efficacy of the vaccine were the main reasons for noncompliance.
Compliance rates with influenza vaccine in targeted groups in Israel remain relatively low. Health care personnel should be more involved in promoting the vaccine.
尽管流感通常是一种轻度的自限性疾病，但它会在高危人群中引发严重并发症。由于卫生系统的负担以及旷工导致的损失，流感造成的经济成本巨大。有证据表明，在目标接种人群中，疫苗的使用率较低。
评估：a）1998/1999年和1999/2000年冬季以色列流感疫苗的接种率；b）医护人员和媒体在影响接种率方面的作用；c）老年人未接种疫苗的原因。
1999年10月和2000年1月分别对1500户家庭进行了两次基于全国人口的随机电话调查，以分别调查1998/1999年和1999/2000年冬季之前的流感疫苗接种情况。每次调查在连续四个晚上进行。第一次调查的回复率为78.1%，第二次为79.1%。
两次调查中的疫苗接种情况相似。65岁以下人群的平均接种率为6%，65岁及以上人群为50%。总体接种率约为10%。家庭医生是推荐接种疫苗的主要权威，其次是社区护士。未得到推荐以及对疫苗效力缺乏信心是未接种的主要原因。
以色列目标人群中流感疫苗的接种率仍然相对较低。医护人员应更多地参与推广疫苗。
