Electrical stimulation with bone and wound healing.

Electrical stimulation has been used to heal fractures and ulcers and reduce pain through modulation of local body processes. It has been recognized that mechanical forces and bioelectricity have an intimate relationship in influencing the production of bone. Science has developed techniques to affect change in the electrical charge of fractures to positively affect the healing process. Electrical stimulation, through invasive and noninvasive applications, has produced excellent results in the treatment of nonunions and ulcer care. A thorough review of the electrical properties of bone and soft tissue and the influence of electrical stimulation on healing is presented here.