Tacken P J, Hofker M H, Havekes L M, van Dijk K W
Department of Human and Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Curr Opin Lipidol. 2001 Jun;12(3):275-9. doi: 10.1097/00041433-200106000-00006.
The VLDL receptor (VLDLR) is a member of the LDL receptor family. The VLDLR was hypothesized to mediate fatty acid entry into peripheral tissues, on the basis of its expression in tissues that are active in fatty acid metabolism and its capacity to bind apolipoprotein-E-rich VLDL in vitro. This hypothesis initially proved difficult to confirm, because VLDLR-knockout mice were reported to display normal plasma lipid levels. Moreover, studies in VLDLR-knockout mice that were also deficient in a second LDL receptor family member, the apolipoprotein E receptor 2, indicated a role for the VLDLR in neuronal migration during brain development. However, in accordance with what the term VLDLR suggests, recent studies using VLDLR-deficient and transgenic mice have provided compelling evidence that the VLDLR does indeed play a role in VLDL-triglyceride metabolism, and that it is important for triglyceride storage in the adipocyte.
极低密度脂蛋白受体（VLDLR）是低密度脂蛋白受体家族的成员。基于其在脂肪酸代谢活跃的组织中的表达以及在体外结合富含载脂蛋白E的极低密度脂蛋白的能力，有人提出极低密度脂蛋白受体介导脂肪酸进入外周组织的假说。这一假说最初难以证实，因为据报道极低密度脂蛋白受体基因敲除小鼠的血浆脂质水平正常。此外，对同时缺乏另一种低密度脂蛋白受体家族成员——载脂蛋白E受体2的极低密度脂蛋白受体基因敲除小鼠的研究表明，极低密度脂蛋白受体在大脑发育过程中的神经元迁移中发挥作用。然而，根据极低密度脂蛋白受体这一术语所暗示的，最近使用极低密度脂蛋白受体缺陷型和转基因小鼠的研究提供了令人信服的证据，表明极低密度脂蛋白受体确实在极低密度脂蛋白甘油三酯代谢中发挥作用，并且对脂肪细胞中的甘油三酯储存很重要。
