Knopman D S
Department of Neurology, Mayo Medical School, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Clin Geriatr Med. 2001 May;17(2):281-301. doi: 10.1016/s0749-0690(05)70069-0.
Approximately 20% to 40% of dementia is caused by diseases other than Alzheimer's disease. This article reviews the major categories of non-Alzheimer dementia, including dementia associated with cerebrovascular disease, dementia associated with extrapyramidal features, and the frontotemporal dementias. Dementia associated with cerebrovascular disease is a heterogeneous condition the importance of which is often misunderstood. Dementia with Lewy bodies, the most common of the dementias associated with extrapyramidal disease, is becoming better recognized for its unique management issues. At least some of the frontotemporal dementias, which in this article encompass the progressive aphasias, have mutations in the tau gene that account for some of the phenotypic variations.
约20%至40%的痴呆症由阿尔茨海默病以外的疾病引起。本文综述了非阿尔茨海默病性痴呆的主要类别，包括与脑血管疾病相关的痴呆、与锥体外系特征相关的痴呆以及额颞叶痴呆。与脑血管疾病相关的痴呆是一种异质性疾病，其重要性常被误解。路易体痴呆是与锥体外系疾病相关的最常见痴呆类型，因其独特的管理问题而越来越受到认可。本文中涵盖进行性失语症的至少部分额颞叶痴呆，其tau基因存在突变，这可解释部分表型变异。
