Serdula M K, Alexander M P, Scanlon K S, Bowman B A
Division of Nutrition and Physical Activity, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30341-3717, USA.
Annu Rev Nutr. 2001;21:475-98. doi: 10.1146/annurev.nutr.21.1.475.
Accurate assessment of dietary intake among preschool-aged children is important for clinical care and research, for nutrition monitoring and evaluating nutrition interventions, and for epidemiologic research. We identified 25 studies published between January 1976 and August 2000 that evaluated the validity of food recalls (n = 12), food frequency questionnaires (n = 9), food records (n = 2), or other methods (n = 2). We identified four studies that evaluated the reproducibility of food frequency questionnaires. Validity studies varied in validation standard and study design, making comparisons between studies difficult. In general, food frequency questionnaires overestimated total energy intake and were better at ranking, than quantifying, nutrient intake. Compared with the validation standard, food recalls both overestimated and underestimated energy intake. When choosing a method to estimate diet, both purpose of the assessment and practicality of the method must be considered, in addition to the validity and reproducibility reported in the scientific literature.
准确评估学龄前儿童的饮食摄入量对于临床护理和研究、营养监测与评估营养干预措施以及流行病学研究都很重要。我们检索了1976年1月至2000年8月间发表的25项研究，这些研究评估了食物召回法（n = 12）、食物频率问卷法（n = 9）、食物记录法（n = 2）或其他方法（n = 2）的有效性。我们还检索到四项评估食物频率问卷可重复性的研究。有效性研究在验证标准和研究设计方面存在差异，使得不同研究之间难以进行比较。总体而言，食物频率问卷高估了总能量摄入量，并且在对营养素摄入量进行排序方面比定量方面表现更好。与验证标准相比，食物召回法既高估也低估了能量摄入量。在选择估计饮食的方法时，除了科学文献中报道的有效性和可重复性外，还必须考虑评估目的和方法的实用性。
