Schachter E N, Zuskin E, Rienzi N, Goswami S, Castranova V, Whitmer M, Siegel P
Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA.
Chest. 2001 Jun;119(6):1870-7. doi: 10.1378/chest.119.6.1870.
To study the effects of extracts of brewery dust on isolated guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle in vitro.
Parallel pharmacologic intervention on guinea pig tracheal rings that were obtained from the same animal.
Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Department of Pulmonary Medicine.
The isolated guinea pig tracheal tissue of 18 guinea pigs.
Pretreatment of guinea pig rings by mediator-modifying agents before challenge with the brewery dust extracts.
The effect of brewery dust extracts on isolated guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle was studied using water-soluble extracts of dust obtained from brewery materials, including hops, barley, and brewery yeast. Dust extracts were prepared as a 1:10 (wt/vol) aqueous solution. Dose-related contractions of nonsensitized guinea pig tracheas were demonstrated using these extracts. The dust extracts contained significant quantities of bacterial components (eg, endotoxin and n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine), but these agents were not thought to contribute directly to the constrictor effect of the dusts. Pharmacologic studies were performed by pretreating guinea pig tracheal tissue with the following drugs known to modulate smooth muscle contraction: atropine; indomethacin; pyrilamine; LY171883; nordihydroguaiaretic acid; captopril; thiorphan; verapamil; and TMB8. The constrictor effects of the dust extracts were inhibited by a wide variety of agents, the patterns of which depended on the dust extract. Atropine consistently and strikingly reduced the contractile effects of these extracts. These observations may suggest an interaction of the extracts with parasympathetic nerves or, more directly, with muscarinic receptors. The inhibition of contraction by the blocking of other mediators was less effective and varied with the dust extract.
We suggest that brewery dust extracts cause a dose-related airway smooth muscle constriction by nonimmunologic mechanisms involving a variety of airway mediators and, possibly, cholinergic receptors. This effect is not dependent on presensitization of the guinea pigs.
研究啤酒厂粉尘提取物对体外分离的豚鼠气管平滑肌的作用。
对取自同一动物的豚鼠气管环进行平行药理干预。
西奈山医学院肺医学系。
18只豚鼠的分离豚鼠气管组织。
在用啤酒厂粉尘提取物激发之前，先用介质修饰剂对豚鼠气管环进行预处理。
使用从啤酒厂原料（包括啤酒花、大麦和啤酒酵母）中获得的粉尘水溶性提取物，研究啤酒厂粉尘提取物对体外分离的豚鼠气管平滑肌的作用。粉尘提取物配制成1:10（重量/体积）的水溶液。使用这些提取物证实了未致敏豚鼠气管的剂量相关收缩。粉尘提取物含有大量细菌成分（如内毒素和N-甲酰甲硫氨酰亮氨酰苯丙氨酸），但这些物质被认为不会直接导致粉尘的收缩效应。通过用以下已知可调节平滑肌收缩的药物预处理豚鼠气管组织进行药理研究：阿托品；消炎痛；吡苄明；LY171883；去甲二氢愈创木酸；卡托普利；硫喷妥；维拉帕米；和TMB8。粉尘提取物的收缩作用被多种药物抑制，其模式取决于粉尘提取物。阿托品持续且显著降低这些提取物的收缩作用。这些观察结果可能表明提取物与副交感神经相互作用，或者更直接地与毒蕈碱受体相互作用。通过阻断其他介质对收缩的抑制效果较差，且因粉尘提取物而异。
我们认为啤酒厂粉尘提取物通过涉及多种气道介质以及可能的胆碱能受体的非免疫机制导致剂量相关的气道平滑肌收缩。这种效应不依赖于豚鼠的预先致敏。
