强化偶联与社会强化：基础研究与应用研究之间的一些相互关系
Reinforcement contingencies and social reinforcement: some reciprocal relations between basic and applied research.
作者信息
Vollmer T R, Hackenberg T D
机构信息
Psychology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, USA.
出版信息
J Appl Behav Anal. 2001 Summer;34(2):241-53. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2001.34-241.
Reinforcement contingencies and social reinforcement are ubiquitous phenomena in applied behavior analysis. This discussion paper is divided into two sections. In the first section, reinforcement contingencies are discussed in terms of the necessary and sufficient conditions for reinforcement effects. Response-stimulus dependencies, conditional probabilities, and contiguity are discussed as possible mechanisms of, and arrangements for, reinforcement effects. In the second section, social reinforcement is discussed in terms of its functional subtypes and reinforcement context effects. Two underlying themes run throughout the discussion: (a) Applied research would benefit from a greater understanding of existing basic research, and (b) basic research could be designed to specifically address some of the issues about reinforcement that are central to effective application.
强化偶联和社会强化是应用行为分析中普遍存在的现象。本讨论文件分为两个部分。在第一部分中，从强化效果的必要和充分条件方面讨论强化偶联。反应-刺激依存关系、条件概率和接近性被作为强化效果的可能机制和安排进行讨论。在第二部分中，从其功能亚型和强化情境效应方面讨论社会强化。在整个讨论过程中有两个潜在主题：（a）应用研究将受益于对现有基础研究的更深入理解，以及（b）基础研究可以设计成专门解决一些对有效应用至关重要的强化问题。
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