Earles D R, Judge J O, Gunnarsson O T
Travelers Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2001 Jul;82(7):872-8. doi: 10.1053/apmr.2001.23838.
To test the efficacy of high-velocity training in healthy older persons.
A 12-week randomized trial, with subjects blocked for gender and residence, comparing high-velocity resistance training with a self-paced walking program.
Retirement community.
Forty-three volunteers over the age of 70 years.
Power group: high-velocity leg exercises 3 times weekly with weekly increases in resistance combined with 45 minutes of moderate, nonresistance exercise weekly. Walking group: moderate intensity exercise 30 minutes daily, 6 days weekly.
Variables measured included leg press peak power and leg extensor strength. Functional performance outcomes included: 6-minute walk distance, Short Physical Performance Battery, Physical Performance Test, and Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form Health Survey.
Peak power improved 22% (p =.004) in the power group (3.7 +/- 1.0 W/kg to 4.5 +/- 1.4 W/kg) but did not change in the walking group (3.99 +/-.76 W/kg to 3.65 +/-.94 W/kg). Leg extensor power at resistance of 50%, 60%, and 70% of body weight increased 50%, 77%, and 141%, respectively, in the power group (p <.0001, repeated-measures analysis of variance). Strength improved 22% in the power-trained individuals and 12% in the walkers (p <.0001). Training did not improve functional task performance in either group. One subject developed a radiculopathy during training.
Resistance training focusing on speed of movement improved leg power and maximal strength substantially, but did not improve functional performance in healthy high-functioning older volunteers.
测试高速训练对健康老年人的功效。
一项为期12周的随机试验，受试者按性别和居住地分组，比较高速阻力训练与自定步速步行计划。
退休社区。
43名70岁以上的志愿者。
力量组：每周进行3次高速腿部锻炼，每周增加阻力，并结合每周45分钟的适度非阻力运动。步行组：每天进行30分钟中等强度运动，每周6天。
测量的变量包括腿部推举峰值功率和腿部伸肌力量。功能表现结果包括：6分钟步行距离、简短体能测试电池、体能测试和医学结果研究简短健康调查。
力量组的峰值功率提高了22%（p = 0.004）（从3.7±1.0瓦/千克提高到4.5±1.4瓦/千克），而步行组没有变化（从3.99±0.76瓦/千克提高到3.65±0.94瓦/千克）。在力量组中，体重50%、60%和70%阻力下的腿部伸肌力量分别增加了50%、77%和141%（p < 0.0001，重复测量方差分析）。力量训练个体的力量提高了22%，步行者提高了12%（p < 0.0001）。训练在两组中均未改善功能任务表现。一名受试者在训练期间出现了神经根病。
专注于运动速度的阻力训练显著提高了腿部力量和最大力量，但在健康、功能良好且年龄较大的志愿者中并未改善功能表现。
