Kells S A., Mason L J., Maier D E., Woloshuk C P.
Department of Entomology, Purdue University, 1158 Lilly Hall, 47907, West Lafayette, IN, USA
J Stored Prod Res. 2001 Oct;37(4):371-382. doi: 10.1016/s0022-474x(00)00040-0.
This study evaluated the efficacy of ozone as a fumigant to disinfest stored maize. Treatment of 8.9tonnes (350bu) of maize with 50ppm ozone for 3d resulted in 92-100% mortality of adult red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), adult maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.), and larval Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) and reduced by 63% the contamination level of the fungus Aspergillus parasiticus Speare on the kernel surface. Ozone fumigation of maize had two distinct phases. Phase 1 was characterized by rapid degradation of the ozone and slow movement through the grain. In Phase 2, the ozone flowed freely through the grain with little degradation and occurred once the molecular sites responsible for ozone degradation became saturated. The rate of saturation depended on the velocity of the ozone/air stream. The optimum apparent velocity for deep penetration of ozone into the grain mass was 0.03m/s, a velocity that is achievable in typical storage structures with current fans and motors. At this velocity 85% of the ozone penetrated 2.7m into the column of grain in 0.8d during Phase 1 and within 5d a stable degradation rate of 1ppm/0.3m was achieved. Optimum velocity for Phase 2 was 0.02m/s. At this velocity, 90% of the ozone dose penetrated 2.7m in less than 0.5d. These data demonstrate the potential usefulness of using ozone in managing stored maize and possibly other grains.
本研究评估了臭氧作为熏蒸剂对储存玉米进行灭虫处理的效果。用50ppm的臭氧处理8.9吨（350蒲式耳）玉米3天，导致赤拟谷盗（Tribolium castaneum， Herbst）成虫、玉米象（Sitophilus zeamais， Motsch.）成虫和印度谷螟（Plodia interpunctella， Hübner）幼虫的死亡率达到92% - 100%，并使玉米粒表面寄生曲霉（Aspergillus parasiticus Speare）的污染水平降低了63%。玉米的臭氧熏蒸有两个不同阶段。第一阶段的特点是臭氧迅速降解且在谷物中移动缓慢。在第二阶段，臭氧在几乎没有降解的情况下自由流过谷物，此阶段发生在负责臭氧降解的分子位点饱和之后。饱和速率取决于臭氧/空气流的速度。臭氧深入谷物堆的最佳表观速度为0.03m/s，在配备当前风扇和电机的典型储存结构中可以达到这个速度。在此速度下，在第一阶段，85%的臭氧在0.8天内穿透2.7m深的谷物柱，并且在5天内实现了稳定降解速率为1ppm/0.3m。第二阶段的最佳速度为0.02m/s。在此速度下，90%的臭氧剂量在不到0.5天的时间内穿透2.7m。这些数据表明了使用臭氧管理储存玉米以及可能其他谷物的潜在实用性。
