de Meireles Ianne Lara O, de Araújo Ana Caroline A, Souza Catiane O, Cavalcanti Fábio André G S, de Alencar Ernandes R, Torres Jorge B, Guedes Raul Narciso C, Bastos Cristina S
Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária (FAV), Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Instituto Central de Ciências Ala Sul, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil.
DEPA-Entomologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n,- Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 4;15(1):23852. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-08428-x.
Maize plays a pivotal role in global food security, but post-harvest losses due to storage pests, particularly the maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais), remain a significant challenge. This study evaluated resistance in 15 maize genotypes, including sweet corn, popcorn, and non-transgenic and transgenic varieties, while exploring the potential for synergistic effects of ozone treatment (direct or residual) in enhancing host plant resistance. Choice and no-choice trials were conducted to identify resistant genotypes, and resistance causes were analyzed in relation to grain chemical composition, color characteristics, and dimensions. Three genotypes representing varying resistance levels (susceptible, moderately and highly resistant) were tested for their response to ozone exposure. Among the tested genotypes, BAS 5802 (popcorn), 30s31 (non-Bt), 30s31VYHR (Bt), KWX 1002-1008 (non-Bt), and KWX 1010 (non-Bt) showed higher resistance in choice trials, while KWX 1005, 1007, 1010, 30s31, and 30s31VYHR were most resistant in no-choice trials. Combining ozone treatment with intermediate or highly resistant genotypes enhanced protection against S. zeamais. Increased grain color saturation and carbohydrate content contributed to resistance, whereas higher lipid and ash content correlated with increased susceptibility. These findings highlight the potential for integrating host plant resistance with ozone treatment as an innovative strategy for sustainable pest management.
玉米在全球粮食安全中起着关键作用，但由于储存害虫，特别是玉米象（Sitophilus zeamais）导致的收获后损失仍然是一个重大挑战。本研究评估了15种玉米基因型的抗性，包括甜玉米、爆米花以及非转基因和转基因品种，同时探索了臭氧处理（直接或残留）在增强寄主植物抗性方面产生协同效应的潜力。进行了选择试验和无选择试验以鉴定抗性基因型，并结合谷物化学成分、颜色特征和尺寸分析了抗性原因。对代表不同抗性水平（敏感、中度和高度抗性）的三种基因型进行了臭氧暴露反应测试。在测试的基因型中，BAS 5802（爆米花）、30s31（非Bt）、30s31VYHR（Bt）、KWX 1002 - 1008（非Bt）和KWX 1010（非Bt）在选择试验中表现出较高的抗性，而KWX 1005、1007、1010、30s31和30s31VYHR在无选择试验中抗性最强。将臭氧处理与中度或高度抗性基因型相结合可增强对玉米象的防护。谷物颜色饱和度和碳水化合物含量的增加有助于抗性，而较高的脂质和灰分含量与易感性增加相关。这些发现突出了将寄主植物抗性与臭氧处理相结合作为可持续害虫管理创新策略的潜力。
