E Xinyi, Subramanyam Bhadriraju, Li Beibei
Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
Insects. 2017 Apr 11;8(2):42. doi: 10.3390/insects8020042.
The efficacy of ozone was evaluated against four economically-important stored-product insect species at 27.2 C and 20.4% r.h. Adults of phosphine-susceptible laboratory strains and phosphine-resistant field strains of the red flour beetle, (Herbst), saw-toothed grain beetle, (Linnaeus), maize weevil, Motschulsky, and rice weevil, (Linnaeus), were exposed in vials to an ozone concentration of 0.42 g/m³ (200 ppm) for 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10 and 12 h with 0 and 10 g of wheat. Initial and final mortalities were assessed 1 and 5 d after exposure to ozone, respectively. After an 8-12-h exposure to ozone, initial mortality of spp. and was 100%, whereas the highest initial mortality of was 90%. A 3-4-h exposure to ozone resulted in 100% final mortality of spp., whereas required a 6- to 10-h exposure to ozone. Adults of were least susceptible to ozone, and after a 10-h exposure, mortality ranged between 82 and 95%. Time for the 5 d 99% mortality (LT) for adults of laboratory and field strains of spp., and were 2.00-5.56, 4.33-11.18 and 14.35-29.89 h, respectively. The LT values for adults of and were not significantly different between bioassays conducted with 0 and 10 g of wheat. The LT values for the laboratory strains of spp. in the absence of wheat were significantly lower than those obtained in the presence of wheat. Both phosphine-susceptible and -resistant strains were equally susceptible to ozone. Ozone effectively suppressed adult progeny production of all four species. Ozone is a viable alternative fumigant to control phosphine-resistant strains of these four species.
在27.2℃和20.4%相对湿度条件下，评估了臭氧对四种具有经济重要性的仓储害虫的防治效果。供试害虫为赤拟谷盗（Herbst）磷化氢敏感的实验室品系和抗性田间品系成虫、锯谷盗（Linnaeus）成虫、玉米象（Motschulsky）成虫以及米象（Linnaeus）成虫。将其置于小瓶中，在有0 g和10 g小麦的情况下，暴露于浓度为0.42 g/m³（200 ppm）的臭氧环境中1、2、3、5、6、8、10和12小时。分别在暴露于臭氧1天和5天后评估初始死亡率和最终死亡率。暴露于臭氧8 - 12小时后，赤拟谷盗和锯谷盗的初始死亡率为100%，而玉米象的最高初始死亡率为90%。暴露于臭氧3 - 4小时导致赤拟谷盗和锯谷盗的最终死亡率达到100%，而玉米象需要暴露6 - 10小时。米象成虫对臭氧最不敏感，暴露10小时后，死亡率在82%至95%之间。赤拟谷盗、锯谷盗和玉米象实验室品系和田间品系成虫达到5天99%死亡率的时间（LT）分别为2.00 - 5.56小时、4.33 - 11.18小时和14.35 - 29.89小时。在有0 g和10 g小麦的生物测定中，米象和玉米象成虫的LT值没有显著差异。在没有小麦的情况下，赤拟谷盗实验室品系的LT值显著低于有小麦时获得的值。磷化氢敏感品系和抗性品系对臭氧的敏感性相同。臭氧有效地抑制了所有这四种害虫成虫的子代产生。臭氧是控制这四种害虫磷化氢抗性品系的一种可行替代熏蒸剂。
