Long J P, Greco S C
Division of Comparative Medicine, Box 8061, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci. 2000 Nov;39(6):43-6.
Anorexia is defined as diminished appetite or aversion to food. Clinical manifestations of anorexia have multiple etiologies, which include systemic illness, pain, fever, stress, metabolic disorders, and decreased palatability and learned aversion to food. Disorders of appetite are common in companion and laboratory animal medicine. Anecdotal evidence and personal experience suggest that propofol (2, 6-diisopropylphenol), when given intravenously at subhypnotic doses, causes acute appetite stimulation in dogs. The establishment of a dose-response effect could have important clinical applications; therefore, this study attempts to qualify and quantify the effect of propofol on appetite stimulation in healthy young adult dogs. Six purpose-bred male dogs (age, 6 months) were obtained from a Class A vendor. Dogs were housed individually and provided water ad libitum throughout the study period. All dogs were fed ad libitum to ensure that test conditions and degree of satiety were identical. Each dog was assigned randomly to either an experimental group or control each day of the study. The experimental groups received single bolus intravenous injections of propofol at different dosage levels (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, or 3.0 mg/kg of body weight), and the control group received saline. The administrator was blinded to the animals identification and dose. Dosages greater than 3.0 mg/kg resulted in profound sedation and ataxia, which physically inhibited the dogs from obtaining the food; therefore 3.0 mg/kg was the highest dose tested. Dogs were weighed daily to ensure accurate dosing. Dosing was performed at the same time each day to minimize variability. Food intake amounts were recorded at 15, 30, 60, 120, and 1440 min after injection. Food intake was expressed as [food intake (g)/ body weight (kg)/ unit time (min)]. After a 1-w rest period, the study was repeated. Data were analyzed with a type RBF-65 randomized-block factoral design (ANOVA). Each dog served as its own control. The two experiments were analyzed separately, and a P-value of less than 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance. A significant (P, 0.05) increase in food consumption was observed solely during the 0-to-15-min time interval; no significant increase in food consumption was observed at any other time point. This data supports propofols appetite stimulating effect in the initial 15 min after injection. Additional studies are required to explore the mechanism for this effect and to determine whether it occurs in other species.
厌食症的定义为食欲减退或对食物厌恶。厌食症的临床表现有多种病因，包括全身性疾病、疼痛、发热、压力、代谢紊乱、食物适口性降低以及习得性食物厌恶。食欲紊乱在伴侣动物和实验动物医学中很常见。轶事证据和个人经验表明，丙泊酚（2,6 - 二异丙基苯酚）以亚催眠剂量静脉注射时，会引起犬类急性食欲刺激。确定剂量 - 反应效应可能具有重要的临床应用价值；因此，本研究试图对丙泊酚对健康年轻成年犬食欲刺激的效应进行定性和定量。从一家A级供应商处获得6只专门培育的雄性犬（年龄6个月）。在整个研究期间，犬只单独饲养并随意饮水。所有犬只自由采食以确保测试条件和饱腹感程度相同。在研究的每一天，每只犬被随机分配到实验组或对照组。实验组接受不同剂量水平（0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0或3.0毫克/千克体重）的单次静脉推注丙泊酚，对照组接受生理盐水。给药者对动物标识和剂量不知情。剂量大于3.0毫克/千克会导致深度镇静和共济失调，这会从身体上抑制犬获取食物；因此3.0毫克/千克是测试的最高剂量。每天对犬只称重以确保给药准确。每天在同一时间给药以尽量减少变异性。在注射后15、30、60、120和1440分钟记录食物摄入量。食物摄入量表示为[食物摄入量（克）/体重（千克）/单位时间（分钟）]。经过1周的休息期后，重复该研究。数据采用RBF - 65型随机区组析因设计（方差分析）进行分析。每只犬作为自身对照。两个实验分别进行分析，P值小于0.05表示具有统计学意义。仅在0至15分钟的时间间隔内观察到食物消耗量显著（P < 0.05）增加；在任何其他时间点均未观察到食物消耗量显著增加。该数据支持丙泊酚在注射后最初15分钟内的食欲刺激作用。需要进一步研究以探索这种效应的机制，并确定它是否在其他物种中出现。
