Sito A, Berkowska M
Zaklad Zdrowia Publicznego i Medycyny Szkolnej, Instytut Matki i Dziecka, Kasprzaka 17a, 01-211 Warszawa, Poland.
Med Wieku Rozwoj. 2000;4(4 Suppl 1):13-25.
The development of health promotion in theory and practice is presented-from the Ottawa Charter in 1986, to the community based health promotion programmes, as the vision for the 21 Century. The historical mile stones in the process of change and the conceptualisation of health promotion are discussed with reference to the World WHO Conferences and documents from these conferences. These events and documents have been vital as guidelines for member countries, both for implementation of community based programmes, as well as for healthy public policy and for training, especially concerning evaluation. The paper also discusses the main trends in research; definitions of principal concepts are highlighted, concerning planning, implementation and evaluation of health promotion programmes.
本文介绍了健康促进在理论和实践方面的发展历程——从1986年的《渥太华宪章》到以社区为基础的健康促进项目,展现了21世纪的愿景。文中结合世界卫生组织的会议以及这些会议产生的文件,探讨了健康促进在变革过程中的历史里程碑及其概念的形成。这些会议和文件对于成员国而言至关重要,既是实施以社区为基础项目的指导方针,也是制定健康公共政策和开展培训(尤其是评估方面的培训)的指导方针。本文还讨论了主要的研究趋势;重点突出了健康促进项目规划、实施和评估等主要概念的定义。