Rouleau I, Imbault H, Laframboise M, Bédard M A
Centre de Neuroscience de la Cognition, Université du Québec à Montréal, Canada.
Brain Cogn. 2001 Jun-Jul;46(1-2):244-9. doi: 10.1016/s0278-2626(01)80076-2.
Although some researchers have suggested that intrusions in word list learning are more frequent in Alzheimer's disease, recent studies have shown that this might not be true. In fact, intrusions are common in many neurological degenerative diseases. The goal of the present study was to examine the types of intrusions made by three groups of patients, namely patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and dementia with prominent frontal lobe semiology (FD). Although PD patients learned more words (trials 1 to 5 on the RAVLT) than the two other groups, there was no significant difference in the total number of intrusions. However, significant differences between groups were observed for nonrelated intrusions, the proportion of PD patients (15.4%) being lower than the proportion of AD (45.5%) and FD (45.8%) patients with this type of intrusions. No other type of intrusions (same category, recurring, phonemic) significantly differentiated between the three groups. The proactive interference effect (PI), measured as the difference between first recall of list A and list B recall, was stronger in PD than in the two other groups, reflecting the strong positive correlation between total number of words recalled on the RAVLT and severity of the PI effect. Prior list intrusions (intrusions from list A while recalling list B items) were significantly more pronounced in FD than in the two other groups. Finally, free associations (series of intrusions related to one another but not to the target items) were observed almost exclusively in FD patients. These findings illustrate some qualitative differences between various neurological degenerative diseases. They also stress the marked similarities between AD and FD with regards to verbal learning.
尽管一些研究人员认为，在阿尔茨海默病中，单词列表学习中的侵入现象更为频繁，但最近的研究表明，情况可能并非如此。事实上，侵入现象在许多神经退行性疾病中都很常见。本研究的目的是检查三组患者的侵入类型，即帕金森病（PD）患者、阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者和具有突出额叶症状学的痴呆（FD）患者。尽管帕金森病患者比其他两组患者学习的单词更多（雷伊听觉词语学习测验的第1至5次试验），但侵入的总数没有显著差异。然而，在无关侵入方面观察到组间存在显著差异，帕金森病患者出现这种侵入类型的比例（15.4%）低于阿尔茨海默病患者（45.5%）和具有突出额叶症状学的痴呆患者（45.8%）。其他类型的侵入（同一类别、重复、音素）在三组之间没有显著差异。以列表A的首次回忆与列表B的回忆之间的差异衡量的前摄干扰效应（PI），在帕金森病患者中比在其他两组中更强，这反映了雷伊听觉词语学习测验中回忆的单词总数与前摄干扰效应的严重程度之间存在很强的正相关。在前瞻性列表侵入方面（在回忆列表B项目时出现的来自列表A的侵入），具有突出额叶症状学的痴呆患者比其他两组患者明显更明显。最后，自由联想（一系列相互关联但与目标项目无关的侵入）几乎只在具有突出额叶症状学的痴呆患者中观察到。这些发现说明了各种神经退行性疾病之间的一些质的差异。它们还强调了在言语学习方面，阿尔茨海默病和具有突出额叶症状学的痴呆之间的显著相似性。
