Beretta A, Campbell C
Department of Linguistics, Michigan State University, USA.
Brain Cogn. 2001 Jun-Jul;46(1-2):42-6. doi: 10.1016/s0278-2626(01)80030-0.
The double-dependency hypothesis (DDH, Mauner et al., 1993) holds that where two dependencies of a certain kind are present, comprehension in Broca's aphasia will be random, but that where there is only one dependency, comprehension will be intact. We tested this hypothesis by examining the performance of Broca's aphasics on sentences with psychological verbs of two different classes. One class has an argument structure in which the Experiencer role is assigned to the subject. In the other class, the Experiencer role is assigned to the object. Subject-Experiencer verbs can form verbal passives which have two relevant dependencies, whereas object-Experiencer verbs can form adjectival passives and have only one relevant dependency. Thus these sentence types make contrasting predictions relevant to the DDH. Our results clearly demonstrate that patients understand the adjectival passive psychological verbs, as predicted by the DDH. On the verbal passive psychological verbs, patients perform at chance, again consistent with DDH predictions. These results firmly buttress the DDH account. They also contradict the results of an earlier study (of verbal passive psychological verbs only), a study which we argue is plagued with problems (namely, Grodzinsky, 1995b).
双重依赖假说（DDH，莫纳等人，1993）认为，当存在两种特定类型的依赖关系时，布罗卡失语症患者的理解将是随机的，但当只有一种依赖关系时，理解将是完整的。我们通过检查布罗卡失语症患者对两种不同类型心理动词句子的表现来检验这一假说。一类心理动词具有将体验者角色分配给主语的论元结构。另一类中，体验者角色被分配给宾语。主语-体验者动词可以形成具有两种相关依赖关系的动词被动语态，而宾语-体验者动词可以形成形容词被动语态且只有一种相关依赖关系。因此，这些句子类型对双重依赖假说做出了相反的预测。我们的结果清楚地表明，正如双重依赖假说所预测的，患者理解形容词被动语态心理动词。对于动词被动语态心理动词，患者的表现是随机的，这也与双重依赖假说的预测一致。这些结果有力地支持了双重依赖假说的观点。它们也与一项早期研究（仅针对动词被动语态心理动词）的结果相矛盾，我们认为该研究存在诸多问题（即格罗兹尼茨基，1995b）。
