Musacchia X J
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, KY 40292.
Can J Zool. 1988;66(1):167-72. doi: 10.1139/z88-023.
Experimental hypothermia and natural hibernation are two forms of hypometabolism with recognized physiological changes, including depression of endocrine and metabolic functions. To better understand functional changes, helox (i.e., helium and oxygen (80:20) mixtures) and low ambient temperatures have been used to induce hypothermia in hamsters and rats. Both clinical and biological survival, i.e., survival without recovery and survival with recovery from hypothermia, respectively, are related to depth and length of hypothermia. In the rat, body temperatures of 15 degrees C for periods greater than 6-10 h greatly restrict biological survival. The role of glucocorticoids in enhancing thermogenic capacity of rats was assessed using triamcinolone [correction of triamcinalone] acetonide. In the hamster, treatment with cortisone acetate prolonged both clinical and biological survival. Hypothermic hamsters continue utilizing circulating glucose until they become hypoglycemic and die. Hypothermic rats do not utilize glucose and respond with a significant hypoinsulinema. The role of endocrines in the regulation of carbohydrate homeostasis and metabolism differs in hibernation and hypothermia. Glucocorticoids influence the hypothermic response in both species, specifically by prolonging induction of hypothermia in rats and by prolonging survival in hypothermic hamsters.
实验性低温和自然冬眠是两种具有公认生理变化的低代谢形式，包括内分泌和代谢功能的抑制。为了更好地理解功能变化，已使用氦氧混合气（即氦气和氧气（80:20）的混合物）和低环境温度在仓鼠和大鼠中诱导低温。临床存活和生物学存活，分别指低温下未恢复的存活和恢复后的存活，都与低温的深度和持续时间有关。在大鼠中，体温在15摄氏度持续超过6至10小时会极大地限制生物学存活。使用曲安奈德评估糖皮质激素在增强大鼠产热能力中的作用。在仓鼠中，醋酸可的松治疗延长了临床存活和生物学存活时间。低温仓鼠持续利用循环葡萄糖直至出现低血糖并死亡。低温大鼠不利用葡萄糖，而是出现显著的低胰岛素血症。内分泌在调节碳水化合物稳态和代谢中的作用在冬眠和低温状态下有所不同。糖皮质激素影响这两种动物的低温反应，具体表现为延长大鼠低温诱导时间以及延长低温仓鼠的存活时间。
