Zorbas Y G, Yarullin V L, Denogradov S D, Afonin V B
Kosmic Biology and Medicine Institute, Sophia, Bulgaria.
Acta Astronaut. 1999 Dec;45(12):747-54. doi: 10.1016/s0094-5765(99)00128-9.
Daily fluid and salt supplements (FSS) may be used to reduce plasma biochemical changes during bed rest (BR). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a daily intake of FSS on plasma volume (PV) and biochemical changes during BR. Studies were done during a pre BR period of 15 days and during a BR period of 30 days. Thirty male athletes aged 22-26 years were chosen as subjects. They were divided into three groups: unsupplemented ambulatory control subjects (UACS), unsupplemented bed rested subjects (UBRS) and supplemented bed rested subjects (SBRS). The UBRS and SBRS were kept under a rigorous bed rest regime for 30 days. The SBRS took 26 ml water/kg body weight and 0.1 g sodium chloride/kg body weight daily. PV, protein, albumin, sodium (Na), Chloride (Cl), potassium (K), osmolality, creatinine, glucose, and whole blood haematocrit (Hct) and haemoglobin (Hb) concentrations were measured. PV increased significantly (P < or = 0.01) while plasma protein, albumin. Na, Cl, K, glucose, creatinine, osmolality, and whole blood Hb and Hct concentration decreased significantly (P < or = 0.01) in the SBRS group when compared with the UBRS group. By contrast, PV decreased significantly (P < or = 0.01), while plasma protein, albumin, Na, Cl, K, glucose, creatinine, osmolality and whole blood Hct and Hb concentration increased significantly (P < or = 0.01) in the UBRS group when compared with the SBRS and UACS groups. The measured parameters did not change significantly in the UACS group when compared with the baseline control values. It was concluded that a daily intake of FSS may be used to attenuate PV losses and biochemical changes in endurance trained athletes during bed rest.
每日补充液体和盐分（FSS）可用于减少卧床休息（BR）期间血浆生化指标的变化。本研究旨在评估每日摄入FSS对卧床休息期间血浆容量（PV）及生化指标变化的影响。研究在15天的卧床休息前期和30天的卧床休息期进行。选取30名年龄在22 - 26岁的男性运动员作为研究对象。他们被分为三组：未补充的非卧床对照组（UACS）、未补充的卧床休息组（UBRS）和补充的卧床休息组（SBRS）。UBRS组和SBRS组严格卧床休息30天。SBRS组每日摄入26毫升/千克体重的水和0.1克/千克体重的氯化钠。测量了PV、蛋白质、白蛋白、钠（Na）、氯（Cl）、钾（K）、渗透压、肌酐、葡萄糖以及全血血细胞比容（Hct）和血红蛋白（Hb）浓度。与UBRS组相比，SBRS组的PV显著增加（P≤0.01），而血浆蛋白、白蛋白、Na、Cl、K、葡萄糖、肌酐、渗透压以及全血Hb和Hct浓度显著降低（P≤0.01）。相比之下，与SBRS组和UACS组相比，UBRS组的PV显著降低（P≤0.01），而血浆蛋白、白蛋白、Na、Cl、K、葡萄糖、肌酐、渗透压以及全血Hct和Hb浓度显著增加（P≤0.01）。与基线对照值相比，UACS组的测量参数无显著变化。得出的结论是，每日摄入FSS可用于减轻耐力训练运动员在卧床休息期间的PV损失和生化指标变化。
