Schaumann R, Stein K, Eckhardt C, Ackermann G, Rodloff A C
Institute for Medical Microbiology and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, University of Leipzig, Germany.
Infection. 2001 Aug;29(4):205-8. doi: 10.1007/s15010-001-1055-4.
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an opportunistic microorganism, often highly resistant to routinely tested antibiotics. This microorganism is isolated in specimens from patients with nosocomial infections with increasing frequency.
During a 1-year period (1998/1999) S. maltophilia was isolated from 137 specimens (0.26% of all investigated specimens) from 80 patients who were treated in a 1,500 bed major tertiary care teaching hospital in Leipzig. The data of 76 patients (133 specimens) could be collected and analyzed completely.
The pathogen was most frequently detected in specimens from the respiratory tract (54%). In five patients (six cases) S. maltophilia was isolated from blood cultures (0.3% of all positive blood cultures; 1.4% of all gram-negative isolates from blood cultures). 70 of the infected patients were inpatients and 32 (42%) of them were treated on the internal medicine wards. Of these 32 patients only six (19%) were pretreated with imipenem. The Length of stay at the hospital resulted in an independent increased risk of infection with S. maltophilia. In addition, this organism was detected in six infected outpatients.
S. maltophilia is not only a nosocomial pathogen. Pretreatment with a carbapenem is no longer an unequivocal risk factor for an infection with S. maltophilia.
嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌是一种机会致病菌，通常对常规检测的抗生素具有高度耐药性。这种微生物在医院感染患者的标本中分离出来的频率越来越高。
在1年期间（1998/1999年），从莱比锡一家拥有1500张床位的大型三级护理教学医院接受治疗的80例患者的137份标本中分离出嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌（占所有检测标本的0.26%）。76例患者（133份标本）的数据得以完整收集和分析。
该病原体最常从呼吸道标本中检测到（54%）。在5例患者（6例病例）的血培养中分离出嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌（占所有阳性血培养的0.3%；占血培养中所有革兰氏阴性菌分离株的1.4%）。70例感染患者为住院患者，其中32例（42%）在内科病房接受治疗。在这32例患者中，只有6例（19%）曾接受亚胺培南预处理。住院时间延长导致感染嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌的风险独立增加。此外，在6例感染的门诊患者中也检测到了这种微生物。
嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌不仅是一种医院病原体。碳青霉烯类药物预处理不再是嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌感染的明确危险因素。
