Augenstein J, Perdeck E, Martin P, Bowen J, Stratton J, Horton T, Singer M, Digges K, Steps J
William Lehman Injury Research Center, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
Annu Proc Assoc Adv Automot Med. 2000;44:57-66.
Occupants exposed to far-side crashes are those seated on the side of the vehicle opposite the struck side. This study uses the NASS/CDS 1988-98 to determine distributions of AIS 3+ injuries among occupants exposed to far-side crashes and the sources of the injuries. The William Lehman Injury Research Center (WLIRC) data from 1994-98 is used to assess injury mechanisms among seriously injured crash exposed far-side occupants. The NASS/CDS indicated that injury patterns for far-side restrained drivers were different from far-side restrained front passengers. For the driver, the head accounted for 40% of the AIS 3+ injuries in far-side collisions and the chest/abdomen accounted for 45.5%. For the right front passengers, head injuries contributed 27.2%, while chest and abdominal injuries accounted for 64.5%. The opposite-side interior was the most frequent contact associated with driver AIS 3+ injuries (30.5%). The seat belt was second, accounting for 22.6%. Among thirteen WLIRC cases of far-side belted occupants with MAIS 3+ injuries, five of the most serious injuries were attributed to the seat belt. The liver or the spleen was the most seriously injured body organ in all five cases. The seat was the most frequent source of passenger AIS 3+ injuries for the NASS/CDS weighted cases. However, non-contacts, contacts with other occupants, and the seat belt contacts were more frequent sources when considering the raw number of injuries. Overall, contacts with the opposite side of the car interior and with safety belts were the most frequent causes of AIS 3+ injuries in far-side crashes. The presence of an occupant on the near-side changed the injury pattern of the far-side occupant, mitigating injuries from contacts with the opposite side interior of the vehicle.
遭受远侧碰撞的车内人员是指坐在车辆与撞击侧相对一侧的人员。本研究使用1988 - 1998年的国家汽车抽样系统/碰撞数据库（NASS/CDS）来确定遭受远侧碰撞的车内人员中严重损伤评分（AIS）为3级及以上损伤的分布情况以及损伤来源。使用1994 - 1998年威廉·雷曼损伤研究中心（WLIRC）的数据来评估在严重碰撞中遭受远侧碰撞的车内重伤人员的损伤机制。NASS/CDS表明，远侧系安全带的驾驶员的损伤模式与远侧系安全带的前排乘客不同。对于驾驶员而言，在远侧碰撞中，头部损伤占AIS 3级及以上损伤的40%，胸部/腹部损伤占45.5%。对于右前乘客，头部损伤占27.2%，而胸部和腹部损伤占64.5%。对侧车内部件是与驾驶员AIS 3级及以上损伤相关的最常见接触源（30.5%）。安全带次之，占22.6%。在WLIRC的13例远侧系安全带且损伤严重程度评分（MAIS）为3级及以上的车内人员案例中，最严重的损伤中有5例归因于安全带。在所有5例案例中，肝脏或脾脏是受伤最严重的身体器官。对于NASS/CDS加权案例，座椅是乘客AIS 3级及以上损伤的最常见来源。然而，从损伤原始数量来看，非接触、与其他车内人员的接触以及安全带接触是更常见的来源。总体而言，在远侧碰撞中，与汽车内饰对侧和安全带的接触是AIS 3级及以上损伤的最常见原因。近侧有车内人员会改变远侧车内人员的损伤模式，减轻与车辆对侧内饰接触造成的损伤。
