Darbyshire P, Oster C, Carrig H
Department of Nursing & Midwifery, Women's & Children's Hospital, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia.
Health Soc Care Community. 2001 Jul;9(4):185-93. doi: 10.1046/j.0966-0410.2001.00302.x.
Problem gambling is becoming an increasingly widespread and damaging social and health problem. As opportunities for gambling become more accessible, especially through lotteries and electronic gaming machines, it is likely that more people will develop serious gambling problems. Given the worldwide increasing spending on gambling activities and the increasing number of problem gamblers, it is unfortunate but likely that the children who grow up in problem gambling families will become an important area of concern for child health and social workers. Considerable research has been undertaken into problem gambling and the adult problem gambler, but within the gambling and child health literature there is almost no recognition of the experiences of children who live in problem-gambling families. Drawing on the findings of the landmark Productivity Commission Report, this review explores the marked increase in gambling and its social effects, especially from the Australian perspective. The damaging social effects of problem gambling on families and children are reviewed and the comparative invisibility of children and young people in such research is discussed. The pervasive influence of developmentalism is critiqued and highlighted in relation to the exclusion of children's perspectives from our research understandings. The review concludes by proposing that adoption of some of the emerging 'new paradigm' approaches to childhood and children's experiences could markedly enhance our understandings of the lives and experiences of this significant group of children and young people.
问题赌博正日益成为一个广泛且具有破坏性的社会和健康问题。随着赌博机会变得更加容易获得，尤其是通过彩票和电子游戏机，很可能会有更多人出现严重的赌博问题。鉴于全球范围内赌博活动的支出不断增加以及问题赌徒的数量不断上升，在问题赌博家庭中成长的儿童很可能会成为儿童健康和社会工作者关注的一个重要领域，这虽令人遗憾但却很有可能。针对问题赌博和成年问题赌徒已经进行了大量研究，但在赌博与儿童健康的文献中，几乎没有人认识到生活在问题赌博家庭中的儿童的经历。借鉴具有里程碑意义的生产力委员会报告的研究结果，本综述探讨了赌博现象及其社会影响的显著增加，特别是从澳大利亚的角度。本文回顾了问题赌博对家庭和儿童造成的有害社会影响，并讨论了儿童和年轻人在这类研究中相对不被关注的情况。文章批判并强调了发展主义的普遍影响，即我们的研究认识中排除了儿童的观点。综述最后提出，采用一些新兴的关于童年和儿童经历的“新范式”方法，可能会显著增进我们对这一重要儿童和青年群体的生活及经历 的理解。
