Kingston P, Bernard M, Biggs S, Nettleton H
Centre for Social Gerontology, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, UK.
Health Soc Care Community. 2001 Jul;9(4):228-34. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2524.2001.00298.x.
It has been claimed that 'retirement communities', defined in this instance as voluntary communities of older people living in shared, purpose-built housing, combine the best attributes of residential and community living. Subjective health status may thereby be improved through a culture in which independence and autonomy are actively promoted. Concern has also been raised that age-segregated communities of this sort might produce 'ghettos' of increasing dependency and service demand. This study, conducted over a 12-month time period, found that when compared to older people living in the local neighbourhood, the retirement community population maintained their physical and mental health (utilising measures including the SF36, Life Satisfaction Index, and 18 semantic differentials). Investigation of these findings indicated that peer support and safety/security, and 'autonomy with inclusion' were key factors in maintaining health status.
有人声称，“退休社区”（在本案例中定义为居住在专门建造的共享住房中的老年人自愿社区）融合了居住生活和社区生活的最佳特质。通过积极倡导独立和自主的文化，主观健康状况可能会得到改善。也有人担心，这种按年龄划分的社区可能会产生依赖性和服务需求不断增加的“贫民区”。这项为期12个月的研究发现，与居住在当地社区的老年人相比，退休社区的居民保持了他们的身心健康（采用了包括SF36、生活满意度指数和18个语义差异量表等测量方法）。对这些研究结果的调查表明，同伴支持、安全保障以及“包容中的自主”是维持健康状况的关键因素。
