Nichols B J, Lippincott-Schwartz J
MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, CB2 2QH, Cambridge, UK.
Trends Cell Biol. 2001 Oct;11(10):406-12. doi: 10.1016/s0962-8924(01)02107-9.
Endocytosis is involved in an enormous variety of cellular processes. To date, most studies on endocytosis in mammalian cells have focused on pathways that start with uptake through clathrin-coated pits. Recently, new techniques and reagents have allowed a wider range of endocytic pathways to begin to be characterized. Various non-clathrin endocytic mechanisms have been identified, including uptake through caveolae, macropinosomes and via a separate constitutive pathway. Many markers for clathrin-independent endocytosis are found in detergent-resistant membrane fractions, or lipid rafts. We will discuss these emerging new findings and their implications for the nature of lipid rafts themselves, as well as for the potential roles of non-clathrin endocytic pathways in remodeling of the plasma membrane and in regulating the membrane composition of specific intracellular organelles.
内吞作用参与了各种各样的细胞过程。迄今为止，大多数关于哺乳动物细胞内吞作用的研究都集中在始于通过网格蛋白包被小窝摄取的途径上。最近，新技术和试剂使得更广泛的内吞途径开始得以表征。已鉴定出各种非网格蛋白内吞机制，包括通过小窝、巨吞饮小泡以及通过一条独立的组成型途径进行摄取。许多非网格蛋白依赖性内吞作用的标志物存在于抗去污剂膜组分或脂筏中。我们将讨论这些新出现的发现及其对脂筏本身性质的影响，以及非网格蛋白内吞途径在质膜重塑和调节特定细胞内细胞器膜组成方面的潜在作用。
