Onaolapo Moyinoluwa Comfort, Alabi Olubunmi Dupe, Akano Oyedayo Phillips, Olateju Bolade Sylvester, Okeleji Lateef Olabisi, Adeyemi Wale Johnson, Ajayi Ayodeji Folorunsho
Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Anchor Biomed Research Institute, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Egypt Heart J. 2024 Jul 13;76(1):92. doi: 10.1186/s43044-024-00523-0.
Cardiovascular diseases are one of the prime causes of mortality globally. Therefore, concerted efforts are made to prevent or manage disruptions from normal functioning of the cardiovascular system. Disruption in lipid metabolism is a major contributor to cardiovascular dysfunction. This review examines how lecithin impacts lipid metabolism and cardiovascular health. It emphasizes lecithin's ability to reduce excess low-density lipoproteins (LDL) while specifically promoting the synthesis of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles, thus contributing to clearer understanding of its role in cardiovascular well-being. Emphasizing the importance of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) in the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) process, the article delves into its contribution in removing surplus cholesterol from cells. This review aims to clarify existing literature on lipid metabolism, providing insights for targeted strategies in the prevention and management of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). This review summarizes the potential of lecithin in cardiovascular health and the role of LCAT in cholesterol metabolism modulation, based on articles from 2000 to 2023 sourced from databases like MEDLINE, PubMed and the Scientific Electronic Library Online.
While studies suggest a positive correlation between increased LCAT activities, reduced LDL particle size and elevated serum levels of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) markers in individuals at risk of ASCVD, the review acknowledges existing controversies. The precise nature of LCAT's potential adverse effects remains uncertain, with varying reports in the literature. Notably, gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea and nausea have been sporadically documented.
The review calls for a comprehensive investigation into the complexities of LCAT's impact on cardiovascular health, recognizing the need for a nuanced understanding of its potential drawbacks. Despite indications of potential benefits, conflicting findings warrant further research to clarify LCAT's role in atherosclerosis.
心血管疾病是全球主要的死亡原因之一。因此，人们齐心协力预防或控制心血管系统正常功能的紊乱。脂质代谢紊乱是心血管功能障碍的主要原因。本综述探讨了卵磷脂如何影响脂质代谢和心血管健康。它强调了卵磷脂降低过量低密度脂蛋白（LDL）的能力，同时特别促进高密度脂蛋白（HDL）颗粒的合成，从而有助于更清楚地了解其在心血管健康中的作用。文章强调了卵磷脂胆固醇酰基转移酶（LCAT）在逆向胆固醇转运（RCT）过程中的重要性，深入探讨了其在清除细胞中多余胆固醇方面的作用。本综述旨在阐明关于脂质代谢的现有文献，为动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病（ASCVD）的预防和管理提供有针对性的策略见解。基于2000年至2023年从MEDLINE、PubMed和科学电子图书馆在线等数据库获取的文章，本综述总结了卵磷脂在心血管健康方面的潜力以及LCAT在调节胆固醇代谢中的作用。
虽然研究表明，在有ASCVD风险的个体中，LCAT活性增加、LDL颗粒大小减小与富含甘油三酯脂蛋白（TRL）标志物的血清水平升高之间存在正相关，但该综述承认存在现有争议。LCAT潜在不良反应的确切性质仍不确定，文献中有不同的报道。值得注意的是，腹泻和恶心等胃肠道症状偶尔有记录。
该综述呼吁对LCAT对心血管健康影响的复杂性进行全面调查，认识到需要对其潜在缺点有细致入微的理解。尽管有潜在益处的迹象，但相互矛盾的研究结果需要进一步研究以阐明LCAT在动脉粥样硬化中的作用。
