Ohta Y, Kidd M T
Nippon Veterinary and Animal Science University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, Japan.
Poult Sci. 2001 Oct;80(10):1425-9. doi: 10.1093/ps/80.10.1425.
Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of differences in in ovo amino acid (AA) injection sites in broiler breeder eggs on subsequent hatchability and BW of chicks. In Experiment 1, an AA solution was injected into eggs with 13-mm or 19-mm, 27-ga needles. Uninjected eggs served as controls. Hatchability was decreased (P < 0.05) in eggs receiving AA injections with the 19-mm needle in comparison to the control and 13-mm-injected groups. However, BW of chicks increased (P < 0.05) relative to pre-incubational egg weight by AA injection with the 13-mm needle. In order to evaluate the in ovo location of AA injections from Experiment 1, India ink was injected into eggs in Experiment 2 with a 13-or 19-mm needle. Immediately after injection, the air cell end of the egg was windowed in order to observe effects of injection site. Windowing of eggs was accomplished by removing a piece of the eggshell over the air cell and the underlying membrane at Day 7 of incubation. The amount of injected India ink was higher in the extra-embryonic coelom in eggs treated by both needles. However, the occurrence of India ink in the extra embryonic coelom was higher (P < 0.05) in the group injected with AA solution using a 13-mm needle as compared to that after injection using a 19-mm needle. The observation of India ink in the amniotic cavity was higher (P < 0.05) in the group injected with AA solution using a 19-mm needle rather than that using a 13-mm needle. In Experiment 3, treatments consisted of control (uninjected eggs) or windowed eggs. Windowed eggs received AA to the chorioallantoic membrane, the yolk, extra-embryonic coelom, or amniotic cavity at Day 7 of incubation. Hatchability was reduced, but chicks hatched when eggs were windowed and when AA were injected into the yolk sac or extra-embryonic coelom. However, chicks did not hatch when AA were administered to the chorioallantoic membrane or into the amniotic cavity. These results suggest that the best AA injection sites in ovo may be the yolk and extra-embryonic coelom.
进行了三项试验，以评估肉种鸡种蛋卵内氨基酸（AA）注射部位差异对后续孵化率和雏鸡体重的影响。在试验1中，用27号、13毫米或19毫米的针头将氨基酸溶液注入种蛋。未注射的种蛋作为对照。与对照组和13毫米针头注射组相比，用19毫米针头注射氨基酸的种蛋孵化率降低（P<0.05）。然而，与预孵化蛋重相比，用13毫米针头注射氨基酸使雏鸡体重增加（P<0.05）。为了评估试验1中氨基酸注射的卵内位置，试验2中用13毫米或19毫米的针头将印度墨水注入种蛋。注射后立即在种蛋的气室端开窗，以便观察注射部位的影响。在孵化第7天，通过去除气室上方的一块蛋壳和下面的膜来完成种蛋开窗。两种针头处理的种蛋中，注入印度墨水在胚外体腔中的量较高。然而，与19毫米针头注射后相比，用13毫米针头注射氨基酸溶液的组中，印度墨水在胚外体腔中的出现率更高（P<0.05）。用19毫米针头注射氨基酸溶液的组中，印度墨水在羊膜腔中的观察率高于用13毫米针头注射的组（P<0.05）。在试验3中，处理包括对照（未注射的种蛋）或开窗种蛋。开窗种蛋在孵化第7天向绒毛尿囊膜、蛋黄、胚外体腔或羊膜腔注射氨基酸。孵化率降低，但当种蛋开窗且氨基酸注入卵黄囊或胚外体腔时，雏鸡能够孵化。然而，当氨基酸注入绒毛尿囊膜或羊膜腔时，雏鸡不能孵化。这些结果表明，卵内最佳氨基酸注射部位可能是蛋黄和胚外体腔。
