Rabo E
Sven Med Tidskr. 1999;3(1):197-212.
Sweden has a very long pediatric tradition. In 1764 Nils Rosen von Rosenstein published his famous book "Diseases of Children and their Remedies". Fredrik Berg was appointed the world's first professor of pediatrics in 1845. Oscar Medin, who was a professor of pediatrics, initiated in 1900 the founding of "The Pediatric Society in Stockholm", which became associated with the scientific organization "Swedish Society of Medicine". Organizational and educational issues began in 1936 managed by a new organization called the "Swedish Pediatric Association". The initiators of this society were strong organizers who successfully approached all members of county councils and the Swedish parliament and requested that a pediatric hospital should be established in every county. Thus, during a time span of 20 years the number of pediatric clinics increased from 11 to 40. Another successful action led to the creation of posts as head pediatricians who were responsible for the child health service in each county. The scientifically and the organizationally oriented pediatric associations merged in 1970 to become the "Swedish Pediatric Society". A special feature for pediatrics in Sweden has been an early interest in social and psychiatric problems. Up to 1970 all head pediatricians and professors at some time had been working at child welfare clinics and many of them had also worked as physicians in schools, which meant that doctors in the primary care could count on good knowledge and understanding of their problems from centrally working colleagues. In 1930 a successfully performed pediatric international congress took place in Stockholm. Since then an intense international cooperation has taken place. In the decades after the war many Swedish students and researchers stayed for a year or more in foreign universities and at the same time students and doctors from abroad came to visit the Swedish universities. The pediatric associations invited groups of pediatricians from several countries to visit different hospitals and universities in Sweden. Later on groups of Swedish doctors were given the opportunity of making similar visits to their former guests.
瑞典有着悠久的儿科学传统。1764年，尼尔斯·罗森·冯·罗森斯坦出版了他的名著《儿童疾病及其治疗方法》。1845年，弗雷德里克·伯格被任命为世界上第一位儿科学教授。奥斯卡·梅丁是一位儿科学教授，他在1900年发起成立了“斯德哥尔摩儿科学会”，该学会与科学组织“瑞典医学协会”建立了联系。1936年，组织和教育问题开始由一个名为“瑞典儿科学会”的新组织管理。这个学会的发起者都是强有力的组织者，他们成功地接触了各县议会的所有成员以及瑞典议会，并请求在每个县都建立一家儿童医院。因此，在20年的时间里，儿科诊所的数量从11家增加到了40家。另一项成功的举措是设立了首席儿科医生职位，负责各县的儿童健康服务。1970年，以科学为导向和以组织为导向的儿科学会合并，成为“瑞典儿科学会”。瑞典儿科学的一个特点是很早就关注社会和精神问题。直到1970年，所有的首席儿科医生和教授都曾在某个时候在儿童福利诊所工作过，而且他们中的许多人还曾在学校担任医生，这意味着基层医疗的医生可以指望在中央工作的同事对他们的问题有充分的了解和理解。1930年，在斯德哥尔摩成功举办了一次儿科学国际大会。从那时起，就开展了密切的国际合作。战后几十年里，许多瑞典学生和研究人员在国外大学停留了一年或更长时间，同时来自国外的学生和医生也来参观瑞典的大学。儿科学会邀请了几个国家的儿科医生团体参观瑞典的不同医院和大学。后来，瑞典医生团体也有机会对他们以前的客人进行类似的访问。
