Nystuen P, Hagen K B, Herrin J
Department of Population Health Sciences, National Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Scand J Public Health. 2001 Sep;29(3):175-82.
There has been a growing concern about the proportion and socioeconomic consequences of work incapacity due to mental health problems. The aim of the present study was to describe the incidence and duration of different categories of mental health problems with at least two weeks of compensated absence from work in the general working population in Norway.
Cases were identified from files of the national medical insurance system, covering 90% of all employees, while census data were used for the denominators. Based on the International Classification of Primary Care, a total of 101,512 individuals with one or more long-term sick leaves (>2 weeks) due to psychological problems were identified in 1997 and 1998.
Employees absent for psychological problems accounted for 16.8% of all incidences and 31.5% of all refunded sick days. The average one-year incidence was 2.47%, and was significantly higher for women (3.53%) than for men (1.66%). The incidence increased with increasing age, and more so for women than for men. The median duration of absence for all claimants was 79 days. Approximately 25% were back to work after one month, 52% after three months, while 8.5% had not returned to work after 12 months and were transferred to other forms of compensation. The length of sick leave varied considerably with diagnostic category, age, and gender.
Mental health problems constitute a major health problem in the Norwegian workforce today. There is an urgent need for more knowledge about the effectiveness of interventions.
人们越来越关注因心理健康问题导致工作能力丧失的比例及其社会经济后果。本研究的目的是描述挪威一般劳动人口中因心理健康问题导致至少两周带薪缺勤的不同类别心理健康问题的发生率和持续时间。
从覆盖90%所有员工的国家医疗保险系统档案中识别病例，而人口普查数据用作分母。根据国际初级保健分类，1997年和1998年共识别出101512名因心理问题有一次或多次长期病假（>2周）的个体。
因心理问题缺勤的员工占所有发病案例的16.8%，占所有病假报销天数的31.5%。一年的平均发病率为2.47%，女性（3.53%）显著高于男性（1.66%）。发病率随年龄增长而增加，女性比男性增加得更多。所有索赔人的缺勤中位数持续时间为79天。大约25%的人在一个月后重返工作岗位，52%的人在三个月后重返工作岗位，而8.5%的人在12个月后仍未重返工作岗位并被转为其他形式的补偿。病假长度因诊断类别、年龄和性别而有很大差异。
心理健康问题是当今挪威劳动力中的一个主要健康问题。迫切需要更多关于干预措施有效性的知识。
