用作燃料含氧化合物的醚类的毒代动力学。

Toxicokinetics of ethers used as fuel oxygenates.

作者信息

Dekant W, Bernauer U, Rosner E, Amberg A

机构信息

Department of Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Würzburg D, Germany.

出版信息

Toxicol Lett. 2001 Oct 15;124(1-3):37-45. doi: 10.1016/s0378-4274(00)00284-8.

DOI:10.1016/s0378-4274(00)00284-8

PMID:11684356

Abstract

The toxicokinetics and biotransformation of methyl-tert.butyl ether (MTBE), ethyl-tert.butyl ether (ETBE) and tert.amyl-methyl ether (TAME) in rats and humans are summarized. These ethers are used as gasoline additives in large amounts, and thus, a considerable potential for human exposure exists. After inhalation exposure MTBE, ETBE and TAME are rapidly taken up by both rats and humans; after termination of exposure, clearance by exhalation and biotransformation to urinary metabolites is rapid in rats. In humans, clearance by exhalation is slower in comparison to rats. Biotransformation of MTBE and ETBE is both qualitatively and quantitatively similar in humans and rats after inhalation exposure under identical conditions. The extent of biotransformation of TAME is also quantitatively similar in rats and humans; the metabolic pathways, however, are different. The results suggest that reactive and potentially toxic metabolites are not formed during biotransformation of these ethers and that toxic effects of these compounds initiated by covalent binding to cellular macromolecules are unlikely.

摘要

总结了甲基叔丁基醚（MTBE）、乙基叔丁基醚（ETBE）和叔戊基甲基醚（TAME）在大鼠和人类体内的毒代动力学及生物转化情况。这些醚类被大量用作汽油添加剂，因此，人类接触的可能性相当大。吸入暴露后，MTBE、ETBE和TAME在大鼠和人类体内均迅速被吸收；暴露终止后，大鼠通过呼气清除以及生物转化为尿液代谢物的过程很快。在人类中，与大鼠相比，呼气清除较慢。在相同条件下吸入暴露后，MTBE和ETBE在人类和大鼠体内的生物转化在定性和定量方面均相似。TAME的生物转化程度在大鼠和人类中在定量方面也相似；然而，代谢途径不同。结果表明，这些醚类在生物转化过程中不会形成具有反应性和潜在毒性的代谢物，并且这些化合物通过与细胞大分子共价结合引发的毒性作用不太可能发生。