Pearl M, Braveman P, Abrams B
Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2001 Nov;91(11):1808-14. doi: 10.2105/ajph.91.11.1808.
This study sought to examine relationships between neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics and birthweight, accounting for individual socioeconomic characteristics, among 5 ethnic groups.
Birth records were linked to census block-group data for 22 304 women delivering infants at 18 California hospitals during 1994-1995. Information on income and additional factors was obtained from a surveyed subset of 8457 women. Neighborhood levels of poverty, unemployment, and education were examined.
After adjustment for mothers' individual socioeconomic characteristics and other risk factors, less-favorable neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics were associated with lower birthweight among Blacks and Asians. No consistent relationship between neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics and birthweight was found among Whites, US-born Latinas, or foreign-born Latinas overall, but birthweight increased with less-favorable neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics among foreign-born Latinas in high-poverty or high-unemployment neighborhoods. These findings were not explained by measured behavioral or cultural factors.
In addition to individual socioeconomic characteristics, living in neighborhoods that are less socioeconomically advantaged may differentially influence birthweight, depending on women's ethnicity and nativity.
本研究旨在考察5个种族群体中邻里社会经济特征与出生体重之间的关系，并考虑个体社会经济特征的影响。
将出生记录与1994年至1995年期间在加利福尼亚州18家医院分娩的22304名妇女的普查街区组数据相链接。从8457名妇女的调查子集中获取收入及其他因素的信息。考察邻里的贫困、失业和教育水平。
在对母亲的个体社会经济特征及其他风险因素进行调整后，邻里社会经济特征较差与黑人和亚裔较低的出生体重相关。总体而言，在白人、美国出生的拉丁裔或外国出生的拉丁裔中，未发现邻里社会经济特征与出生体重之间存在一致的关系，但在高贫困或高失业社区中，外国出生的拉丁裔的出生体重随邻里社会经济特征较差而增加。这些发现无法通过所测量的行为或文化因素来解释。
除个体社会经济特征外，生活在社会经济条件较差的社区可能会因妇女的种族和出生地不同而对出生体重产生不同影响。
