Joas M, Grönholm B
Department of Public Administration, Abo Akademi University, FIN-20500 Abo, Finland.
Ambio. 2001 Aug;30(4-5):315-9.
Local Agenda 21 (LA21) processes have 2 central goals. i) On the basis of some of the empirical evidence in this study, the primary goal is to improve democratic (environmental) policy-making processes in such a manner that a larger share of the population will be able to participate in planning and decision making and will also be able to understand the consequences of these decisions. ii) The LA21 processes seek to improve (at least indirectly) the broadly defined environmental situation locally in a manner that takes into account both the local and the global contexts. The first part of this article discusses the concept and methods of LA21 and sheds light on the different action areas that are central to the Baltic LA21 processes. In addition, the study will describe and display the LA21 situation within one network of cities, the Union of the Baltic Cities (UBC). Networking, including transfer of information, models and ideas, has been among the main tools for the diffusion of LA21 ideas especially into newly democratized societies. Finally, the article will conclude with an overall assessment of the LA21 situation on the Baltic rim.
《21世纪议程》地方化进程（LA21）有两个核心目标。其一，基于本研究中的一些实证证据，首要目标是以这样一种方式改进民主（环境）决策过程，即让更大比例的人口能够参与规划和决策，并且能够理解这些决策的后果。其二，LA21进程旨在以兼顾地方和全球背景的方式，（至少间接地）改善当地广义上的环境状况。本文第一部分讨论了LA21的概念和方法，并阐明了对波罗的海地区LA21进程至关重要的不同行动领域。此外，该研究将描述并展示一个城市网络——波罗的海城市联盟（UBC）内的LA21情况。包括信息、模式和理念传播在内的网络化，一直是将LA21理念传播到尤其是新民主化社会的主要工具之一。最后，本文将对波罗的海沿岸地区的LA21情况进行全面评估并得出结论。
