Byrne M D, Anderson J R
Department of Psychology, Rice University, MS-25, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, USA.
Psychol Rev. 2001 Oct;108(4):847-69. doi: 10.1037/0033-295x.108.4.847.
The authors describe ACT-R/perceptual-motor (ACT-R/PM), an integrated theory of cognition, perception, and action that consists of the ACT-R production system and a set of perceptual-motor modules. Each module (including cognition) is essentially serial, but modules run in parallel with one another. ACT-R/PM can model simple dual tasks such as the psychological refractory period (PRP), including subtle results previously explained with executive process interactive control (EPIC, D. E. Meyer & D. E. Kieras, 1997a). The central difference between the theories is that EPIC's productions can fire in parallel, whereas in ACT-R/PM, they are serial. Results from three PRP-like experiments with more demanding cognitive requirements indicate that cognitive processing for the 2 tasks need not overlap. ACT-R's activation-based retrieval processes are critical in accounting for the timing of these tasks and for explaining the dual-task performance decrement.
作者们描述了ACT-R/感知运动（ACT-R/PM），这是一种关于认知、感知和行动的综合理论，它由ACT-R产生系统和一组感知运动模块组成。每个模块（包括认知）本质上是串行的，但模块之间相互并行运行。ACT-R/PM可以对简单的双重任务进行建模，比如心理不应期（PRP），包括先前用执行过程交互控制（EPIC，D. E. 迈耶和D. E. 基拉斯，1997a）解释的细微结果。这些理论之间的核心差异在于，EPIC的产生式可以并行触发，而在ACT-R/PM中，它们是串行的。来自三个具有更高认知要求的类似PRP实验的结果表明，这两项任务的认知处理不需要重叠。ACT-R基于激活的检索过程对于解释这些任务的时间安排以及说明双重任务的表现下降至关重要。
