Kramer A F, Cepeda N J, Cepeda M L
Beckman Institute and Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 61801, USA.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2001 Nov;40(11):1277-84. doi: 10.1097/00004583-200111000-00007.
To examine the specificity of methylphenidate effects on the processes that support the ability to rapidly and accurately coordinate the performance of multiple tasks in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Twenty children with ADHD performed the task-switching paradigm while on and off medication. The paradigm involves switching between two different tasks, discriminating the value of a number presented on a computer screen and deciding how many numbers were present on the screen. The children also performed single-task control conditions.
Analyses of variance indicated the medication selectively enhanced the children's ability to rapidly and accurately switch between tasks and to focus attention on the currently relevant response set.
This study helps to elucidate the nature of methylphenidate effects on the cognitive processes which support the ability to coordinate the performance of multiple tasks. Medication appears to selectively enhance inhibitory processes which support task-switching.
研究哌甲酯对注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童快速准确协调多项任务执行能力相关过程的影响特异性。
20名ADHD儿童在服药和未服药状态下进行任务转换范式测试。该范式包括在两项不同任务之间切换，辨别电脑屏幕上呈现数字的值以及确定屏幕上数字的数量。儿童还进行了单任务控制条件测试。
方差分析表明，药物选择性地增强了儿童在任务间快速准确切换以及将注意力集中于当前相关反应集的能力。
本研究有助于阐明哌甲酯对支持多项任务执行协调能力的认知过程的影响性质。药物似乎选择性地增强了支持任务切换的抑制过程。
