Bagwell C L, Molina B S, Pelham W E, Hoza B
Department of Psychology, University of Richmond, VA 23173, USA.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2001 Nov;40(11):1285-92. doi: 10.1097/00004583-200111000-00008.
To determine whether childhood attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and persistence of the disorder are associated with later difficulty in adolescent peer relations.
One hundred eleven children with ADHD were interviewed as adolescents and compared with 100 adolescents without an ADHD history (aged 13-18 years). The multi-informant assessment strategy included parents, teachers, and adolescents.
Parents of probands reported fewer close friendships and greater peer rejection compared with the non-ADHD group. Probands reported that their friends were less involved in conventional activities compared with the non-ADHD group. Childhood aggression predicted less self-perceived social competence for probands. The long-term effects of ADHD on social functioning were more pronounced for probands with persistent ADHD or conduct disorder in adolescence.
Impairments in peer relations for ADHD youths, known to be common in childhood, also exist in adolescence. Given the developmental significance of peer relations, further research into the causes and treatment of poor social functioning in youths with ADHD is recommended.
确定儿童注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）及其持续性是否与青少年后期的同伴关系困难相关。
对111名患有ADHD的儿童进行青少年期访谈，并与100名无ADHD病史的青少年（年龄13 - 18岁）进行比较。多 informant 评估策略包括父母、教师和青少年。
与非ADHD组相比，先证者的父母报告其亲密友谊较少，同伴排斥较多。先证者报告称，与非ADHD组相比，他们的朋友较少参与传统活动。儿童期攻击行为预示着先证者自我感知的社交能力较低。ADHD对社交功能的长期影响在青少年期患有持续性ADHD或品行障碍的先证者中更为明显。
ADHD青少年的同伴关系受损在儿童期很常见，在青少年期也存在。鉴于同伴关系的发展重要性，建议对ADHD青少年社交功能不良的原因和治疗进行进一步研究。
