Shuler C F
Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California School of Dentistry, Los Angeles 90033, USA.
J Dent Educ. 2001 Oct;65(10):1038-45.
Dental caries incidence is affected by host factors that may be related to the structure of dental enamel, immunologic response to cariogenic bacteria, or the composition of saliva. Genetic variation of the host factors may contribute to increased risks for dental caries. This systematic review examined the literature to address the question, "Is the risk for dental decay related to patterns of genetic inheritance?" Numerous reports have described a potential genetic contribution to the risk for dental caries. Studies on twins have provided strong evidence for the role of inheritance. Establishing a basis for a genetic contribution to dental caries will provide a foundation for future studies utilizing the human genome sequence to improve understanding of the disease process. Inherited disorders of tooth development with altered enamel structure increase the incidence of dental caries. Specific genetic linkage has not been determined for all of the syndromes of altered tooth development. Consequently, genetic screens of large populations for genes or mutations associated with increased caries susceptibility have not been done. Altered immune response to the cariogenic bacteria may also increase the incidence of caries. Association between specific patterns of HLA genetic inheritance and dental caries risk is weak and does not provide a predictable basis for predicting future decay rates. The evidence supporting an inherited susceptibility to dental caries is limited. Genetic linkage approaches on well-characterized populations with clearly defined dental caries incidence will be required to further analyze the relationship between inheritance and dental caries.
龋齿发病率受宿主因素影响，这些因素可能与牙釉质结构、对致龋菌的免疫反应或唾液成分有关。宿主因素的基因变异可能会增加患龋齿的风险。本系统综述检索了相关文献，以探讨“龋齿风险是否与遗传模式有关？”这一问题。众多报告描述了遗传因素对龋齿风险的潜在影响。对双胞胎的研究为遗传因素的作用提供了有力证据。为龋齿的遗传因素建立基础，将为未来利用人类基因组序列增进对疾病过程理解的研究奠定基础。牙釉质结构改变的遗传性牙齿发育障碍会增加龋齿发病率。并非所有牙齿发育改变综合征都已确定具体的基因连锁关系。因此，尚未对大量人群进行与龋齿易感性增加相关的基因或突变的基因筛查。对致龋菌的免疫反应改变也可能增加龋齿发病率。HLA基因遗传的特定模式与龋齿风险之间的关联较弱，无法为预测未来龋齿发病率提供可预测的依据。支持龋齿遗传易感性的证据有限。需要对龋齿发病率明确的特征明确人群采用基因连锁方法，以进一步分析遗传与龋齿之间的关系。
