Holland S
University of Puget Sound, Tacoma, WA.
Kennedy Inst Ethics J. 2001 Sep;11(3):263-84. doi: 10.1353/ken.2001.0025.
This essay examines the increasing commodification of the body with respect to tissues, games, and embryos. Such commodifcation contributes to a diminishing sense of human personhood on an individual level, even as it erodes commitments to human flourishing at the societal level. After the case for social harm resulting from the increasing commodification of the body is made, the question becomes whether that harm is best remedied by following any of three approaches by which government traditionally seeks to promote the flourishing of its citizens. The author concludes that it is not, and that what is needed is a pragmatic and somewhat casuistic approach to the regulation of contested commodities--that which legal scholar Margaret Jane Radin calls "incomplete commodification."
本文探讨了身体在组织、游戏和胚胎方面日益商品化的现象。这种商品化在个体层面导致人类人格感的削弱，即便在社会层面侵蚀了对人类繁荣的承诺。在阐述了身体日益商品化所造成的社会危害之后，问题就变成了这种危害是否能通过政府传统上用以促进公民繁荣的三种方法中的任何一种得到最佳补救。作者的结论是不能，需要的是一种务实且有点决疑论式的方法来监管有争议的商品——也就是法律学者玛格丽特·简·拉丹所说的“不完全商品化”。
