Levine Aaron D
School of Public Policy, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, 30332-0345, USA.
HEC Forum. 2011 Mar;23(1):15-30. doi: 10.1007/s10730-010-9145-2.
In vitro fertilization using donated oocytes is an important medical technique that provides the only option for some infertile patients to have children. The technique remains ethically contentious, however, and, as a result of this controversy, different oversight approaches have been developed in countries around the world. This paper examines the oversight and practice of oocyte donation in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States to examine how policy choices have influenced the development and use of this medical technology. Examining per capita utilization of oocyte donation in these three countries provides evidence that supply-side policies-specifically policies affecting the compensation of potential oocyte donors-have substantially influenced the use of this technology. These results should provide useful insight for policymakers developing or revising oocyte donation policies.
使用捐赠卵母细胞的体外受精是一项重要的医学技术，为一些不孕患者提供了生育的唯一选择。然而，该技术在伦理上仍存在争议，并且由于这一争议，世界各国已制定了不同的监管方法。本文考察了加拿大、英国和美国对卵母细胞捐赠的监管及实践情况，以探究政策选择如何影响了这项医学技术的发展和应用。考察这三个国家卵母细胞捐赠的人均利用率可发现，供应方政策——尤其是影响潜在卵母细胞捐赠者补偿的政策——已对该技术的应用产生了重大影响。这些结果应为制定或修订卵母细胞捐赠政策的政策制定者提供有益的见解。
