Mohamadi A, Jarrell S T, Shi S J, Andrawis N S, Myers A, Clouatre D, Preuss H G
Department of Medicine (Nephrology) and Pathology, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3900 Reservoir Road SE, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
Heart Dis. 2000 Jan-Feb;2(1):3-9.
Two separate studies were performed on hypertensive rats to assess the effects of wild, uncultivated garlic on elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) and other cardiovascular parameters. Also, effects of wild garlic and cultivated garlic preparations were compared and the mechanisms behind pressure-lowering abilities of different garlic preparations were examined. The initial study determined that wild garlic lowers blood pressure. In the second study, cardiovascular effects of three different concentrations of wild garlic and two different cultivated garlics, i.e., a preparation low in allicin and one high in allicin, were compared. All three garlic preparations decreased SBP significantly. Wild garlic produced the greatest pressure-lowering effects, and the least pressure-lowering effects were seen with low-allicin garlic. Compared with control rats, circulating angiotensin II levels were significantly lower in all garlic-eating rats. Losartan decreased blood pressure significantly less and Nw-nitro-L arginine-methyl ester hydrochloride (LNAME) increased blood pressure significantly more in garlic-eating rats than in control rats, suggesting that the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) was less active and the nitric oxide system more active in garlic-consuming hypertensive rats. Accordingly, different garlic preparations, especially wild garlic, favorably influenced high SBP in hypertensive rats. These results suggest that both the RAS and the nitric oxide system are involved in the antihypertensive effects of garlic in hypertensive rats.
对高血压大鼠进行了两项独立研究，以评估野生、未种植的大蒜对收缩压升高（SBP）及其他心血管参数的影响。此外，还比较了野生大蒜和种植大蒜制剂的效果，并研究了不同大蒜制剂降压能力背后的机制。初步研究确定野生大蒜可降低血压。在第二项研究中，比较了三种不同浓度的野生大蒜和两种不同的种植大蒜（即一种蒜素含量低的制剂和一种蒜素含量高的制剂）对心血管的影响。所有三种大蒜制剂均显著降低了收缩压。野生大蒜产生的降压效果最大，而蒜素含量低的大蒜降压效果最小。与对照大鼠相比，所有食用大蒜的大鼠循环血管紧张素II水平均显著降低。与对照大鼠相比，食用大蒜的大鼠中氯沙坦降低血压的幅度明显较小，而Nω-硝基-L-精氨酸甲酯盐酸盐（LNAME）使血压升高的幅度明显更大，这表明在食用大蒜的高血压大鼠中肾素-血管紧张素系统（RAS）活性较低，而一氧化氮系统活性较高。因此，不同的大蒜制剂，尤其是野生大蒜，对高血压大鼠的高收缩压有有利影响。这些结果表明，RAS和一氧化氮系统均参与了大蒜对高血压大鼠的降压作用。
