Rudnicka A R, Frost C, Owen C G, Edgar D F
Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, St. Bartholomew's and The Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, England, UK.
Ophthalmology. 2001 Dec;108(12):2358-68. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(01)00821-1.
To investigate the relationship between the absolute area of certain optic disc parameters and a number of ocular dimensional characteristics and demographic factors in young, healthy subjects.
Cross-sectional study.
One hundred twenty-one subjects, aged 16.5 to 35.4 years participated, encompassing a wide range of refractive error from +4 diopters (D) to -25.75 D. One eye from each subject was randomly selected for examination.
Absolute size of the optic disc parameters: optic disc area (DA), neuroretinal rim area (NRA), optic cup area (CA), and peripapillary atrophy area (PA).
Absolute sizes of optic disc parameters were determined from digitized photographic color transparencies, taking into consideration the magnification of the fundus camera and human eye. Relationships between the absolute size of the optic disc features and axial length, crystalline lens thickness, anterior chamber depth, ocular refraction, front surface keratometry, age, and gender were examined.
Axial length, lens thickness, front surface keratometry, and age demonstrated positive associations with all optic disc parameters, and anterior chamber depth and ocular refraction demonstrated negative associations in all cases. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the associations observed univariately for age, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, front surface keratometry, and ocular refraction were confounded by axial length for all disc parameters. After taking logs, DA and NRA exhibit an exponential relationship with axial length, whereas PA and CA exhibit a linear relationship with axial length. DA and NRA increase by approximately 3% per millimeter increase in axial length at 20 mm and up to 40% for DA and 50% for NRA at an axial length of 35 mm. PA and CA are estimated to increase by 26% (10%-44%) and 10% (5%-16%), respectively, per millimeter increase in axial length. Females have approximately 5% smaller DA and 7% smaller NRA than males, but these effects are not statistically significant (P > 0.2). From the multiple regression analysis, females have 31% larger optic cup areas (1%-57%, P = 0.03) and 24% smaller PA (42% smaller to 5% larger P = 0.06) than males, but these effects are of borderline statistical significance at 5%.
Of the ocular biometric factors considered, axial length seems to be the most important predictor of the absolute area of the optic disc parameters. No association exists between any disc parameter and age in this sample of subjects less than 40 years of age. Females exhibited smaller values for DA, NRA, and PA than did males, differences that were not statistically significant, and larger CA (P = 0.03).
探讨年轻健康受试者中某些视盘参数的绝对面积与多种眼部尺寸特征及人口统计学因素之间的关系。
横断面研究。
121名年龄在16.5至35.4岁之间的受试者参与研究，其屈光不正范围广泛，从+4屈光度（D）至 -25.75 D。从每位受试者中随机选取一只眼睛进行检查。
视盘参数的绝对大小：视盘面积（DA）、神经视网膜边缘面积（NRA）、视杯面积（CA）和视乳头周围萎缩面积（PA）。
根据数字化彩色摄影透明片确定视盘参数的绝对大小，同时考虑眼底相机和人眼的放大倍数。研究视盘特征的绝对大小与眼轴长度、晶状体厚度、前房深度、眼屈光、角膜前表面曲率、年龄和性别的关系。
眼轴长度、晶状体厚度、角膜前表面曲率和年龄与所有视盘参数均呈正相关，而前房深度和眼屈光在所有情况下均呈负相关。多元回归分析显示，对于所有视盘参数，单变量观察到的年龄、前房深度、晶状体厚度、角膜前表面曲率和眼屈光与眼轴长度之间的关联存在混淆。取对数后，DA和NRA与眼轴长度呈指数关系，而PA和CA与眼轴长度呈线性关系。在眼轴长度为20 mm时，眼轴长度每增加1毫米，DA和NRA分别增加约3%；在眼轴长度为35 mm时，DA增加高达40%，NRA增加50%。估计眼轴长度每增加1毫米，PA和CA分别增加26%（10% - 44%）和10%（5% - 16%）。女性的DA比男性小约5%，NRA比男性小7%，但这些差异无统计学意义（P > 0.2）。多元回归分析显示，女性的视杯面积比男性大31%（1% - 57%，P = 0.03），PA比男性小24%（小42%至大5%，P = 0.06），但这些影响在5%水平上具有边缘统计学意义。
在所考虑的眼部生物测量因素中，眼轴长度似乎是视盘参数绝对面积的最重要预测因素。在这个年龄小于40岁的受试者样本中，任何视盘参数与年龄之间均无关联。女性的DA、NRA和PA值比男性小，差异无统计学意义，而CA值比男性大（P = 0.03）。
