Gol'dshteĭn V L, Mironov V A, Bartoshevich Iu E, Minina T S
Antibiotiki. 1976 Oct;21(10):887-92.
A number of enzymes and reactions of glycolysis, pentose-phosphate cycle and degradation of pyruvic acid in strains of F. coccineum with various levels of antibiotic production was studied comparatively. The experiments showed that highly productive strains were characterized by higher activity of the NADP-deficient enzymes of the pentoze-phosphate cycle as compared to the low active strains. The activity levels of glycolytic enzymes, such as fructose-diphosphate-aldolase and 3-phosphoglycerolaldehydehydrogenase did not practically differ. Significant differences were found in the reactions of puryvic acid degradation: the activity of cytoplasmic pyruvatedecarboxylase in the mutant with high antibiotic production level was lower than that in the low productive strain, while oxidation of the pyruvate of the mitochondrial fraction was on the contrary more intensive than in the highly productive strain. Therefore, metabilism in the strains studied was characterized by ever-increasing biochemical changes with an increase in their antibiotic productivity. Lowering of the growth rate of the mutants as their capacity for antibiotic supersynthesis increased and subsequently the anabolic processes became more intensive was accompanied by increasing derepression of the key enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism and in particular NADR-deficient dehydrogenase of the pentose cycle and pyruvatedehydrogenase, significant for fusidin biosynthesis and providing production of the antibiotic of steroid nature by cofactor NADP-H and acetyl-KoA, the primary precursor.
对不同抗生素产生水平的玫红叉丝壳菌株中糖酵解、磷酸戊糖循环及丙酮酸降解的多种酶和反应进行了比较研究。实验表明，与低活性菌株相比，高产菌株的磷酸戊糖循环中缺乏NADP的酶活性更高。糖酵解酶如磷酸果糖醛缩酶和3 - 磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶的活性水平实际上并无差异。丙酮酸降解反应存在显著差异：高抗生素产生水平突变体中细胞质丙酮酸脱羧酶的活性低于低产菌株，而线粒体部分丙酮酸的氧化则相反，比高产菌株更为强烈。因此，所研究菌株的代谢随着抗生素生产力的提高呈现出不断增加的生化变化。随着突变体抗生素超合成能力的增加，其生长速率降低，随后合成代谢过程变得更加活跃，同时伴随着碳水化合物代谢关键酶尤其是戊糖循环中缺乏NADR的脱氢酶和丙酮酸脱氢酶的去阻遏增加，这些酶对于夫西地酸生物合成以及通过辅因子NADP - H和初级前体乙酰辅酶A产生类固醇性质的抗生素具有重要意义。
