Stuetz R M, Nicolas J
School of Water Sciences, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 OAL, UK.
Water Sci Technol. 2001;44(9):53-8.
The measure of annoyance odours from sewage tratment, landfill and agricultural practise has become highly significant in the control and prevention of dorous emissions from existing facilities and its crucial for new planning applications. Current methods (such as GC-MS analysis, H2S and NH3 measurements) provide an accurate description of chemical compositions or act as surrogates for odour strength, but tell us very little about the perceived effect, whereas olfactometry gives the right human response but is very subjective and expensive. The use of non-specific sensor arrays may offer an objective and on-line instrument for assessing olfactive annoyance. Results have shown that sensor array systems can discriminate between different odour sources (wastewater, livestock and landfill). The response patterns from these sources can be significantly different and that the intensity of sensor responses is proportional to the concentration of the volatiles. The correlation of the sensors responses against odour strengths have also shown that reasonable fits can be obtained for a range of odour concentrations (100-800,000 ou/m3). However, the influence of environmental fluctuations (humidity and temperature) on sensor baselines still remains an obstacle, as well as the need for periodic calibration of the sensory system and the choice of a suitable gas for different environmental odours.
衡量污水处理、垃圾填埋场和农业活动产生的令人烦恼气味的指标，在控制和预防现有设施的气味排放方面变得极为重要，对于新的规划申请也至关重要。目前的方法（如气相色谱 - 质谱分析、硫化氢和氨气测量）能准确描述化学成分或作为气味强度的替代指标，但对于气味的感知效果却知之甚少，而嗅觉测量法能给出正确的人体反应，但主观性很强且成本高昂。使用非特异性传感器阵列可能会提供一种客观的在线仪器来评估嗅觉烦恼程度。结果表明，传感器阵列系统能够区分不同的气味源（废水、牲畜和垃圾填埋场）。这些来源的响应模式可能会有显著差异，并且传感器响应的强度与挥发物的浓度成正比。传感器响应与气味强度之间的相关性还表明，对于一系列气味浓度（100 - 800,000 嗅阈值单位/立方米）能够获得合理的拟合。然而，环境波动（湿度和温度）对传感器基线的影响仍然是一个障碍，同时还需要对传感系统进行定期校准以及为不同的环境气味选择合适的气体。
