Aarts H, Dijksterhuis A, De Vries P
Department of Social and Organizational Psychology, Leiden University, The Netherlands.
Br J Psychol. 2001 Nov;92(Pt 4):631-42. doi: 10.1348/000712601162383.
The present research is concerned with cognitive effects of habitually regulated primary motives. Specifically, two experiments tested the idea that feelings of thirst enhance the cognitive accessibility of, or readiness to perceive, action-relevant stimuli. In a task allegedly designed to assess mouth-detection skills, some participants were made to feel thirsty, whereas others were not. Results showed that participants who were made thirsty responded faster to drinking-related items in a lexical decision task, and performed better on an incidental recall task of drinking-related items, relative to no-thirst control participants. These results suggest that basic needs and motives, such as thirst, causes a heightened perceptual readiness to environmental cues that are instrumental in satisfying these needs.
本研究关注习惯性调节的主要动机的认知效应。具体而言，两项实验检验了这样一种观点，即口渴感会增强与行动相关刺激的认知可及性或感知准备度。在一项据称旨在评估口腔检测技能的任务中，一些参与者被弄得口渴，而另一些则没有。结果表明，与不口渴的对照组参与者相比，感到口渴的参与者在词汇判断任务中对与饮水相关的项目反应更快，并且在与饮水相关项目的附带回忆任务中表现更好。这些结果表明，诸如口渴之类的基本需求和动机，会导致对有助于满足这些需求的环境线索的感知准备度提高。
