Adams W C, Bernauer E M, Dill D B, Bomar J B
J Appl Physiol. 1975 Aug;39(2):262-6. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1975.39.2.262.
Twelve middle-distance runners, each having recently completed a competitive track season, were divided into two groups matched for maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), 2-mile run time and age. Group 1 trained for 3 wk at Davis, PB = 760 mmHg, running 19.3 km/day at 75% of sea-level (SL) VO2max, while group 2 trained an equivalent distance at the same relative intensity at the US Air Force Academy (AFA), PB = 586 mmHg. The groups then exchanged sites and followed a training program of similar intensity to the group preceding it for an additional 3 wk. Periodic near exhaustive VO2max treadmill tests and 2-mile competitive time trials were completed. Initial 2-mile times at the AFA were 7.2% slower than SL control. Both groups demonstrated improved performance in the second trial at the AFA (chi = 2.0%), but mean postaltitude performance was unchanged from SL control. VO2max at the AFA was reduced initially 17.4% from SL control, but increased 2.6% after 20 days. However, postaltitude VO2max was 2.8% below SL control. It is concluded that there is no potentiating effect of hard endurance training at 2,300-m over equivalently severe SL training on SL VO2max or 2-mile performance time in already well conditioned middle-distance runners.
12名中长跑运动员，每人最近都完成了一个竞技田径赛季，他们被分成两组，两组在最大摄氧量（VO2max）、2英里跑时间和年龄方面相匹配。第1组在戴维斯（PB = 760 mmHg）进行了3周的训练，以海平面（SL）VO2max的75%的强度每天跑19.3公里，而第2组在美国空军学院（AFA，PB = 586 mmHg）以相同的相对强度进行了同等距离的训练。然后两组交换地点，并按照与前一组相似强度的训练计划再进行3周的训练。完成了定期的接近力竭的VO2max跑步机测试和2英里的竞争性计时赛。在AFA的初始2英里跑时间比海平面对照组慢7.2%。两组在AFA的第二次测试中都表现出成绩提高（χ = 2.0%），但海拔训练后的平均成绩与海平面对照组相比没有变化。在AFA时，VO2max最初比海平面对照组降低了17.4%，但20天后增加了2.6%。然而，海拔训练后的VO2max比海平面对照组低2.8%。得出的结论是，对于已经具备良好条件的中长跑运动员，在2300米高度进行艰苦的耐力训练，相对于同等强度的海平面训练，对海平面VO2max或2英里跑成绩时间没有增强作用。
