Fink M, Taylor M A
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2001;251 Suppl 1:I8-13. doi: 10.1007/pl00014200.
About 10% of patients with severe acute psychiatric illness exhibit a cluster of motor signs (mutism, negativism, rigidity, posturing, stereotypy, staring, etc.) that are identified as the syndrome of catatonia. Catatonia responds to sedative anticonvulsant treatment (barbiturates, benzodiazepines) and to electroconvulsive therapy. These treatments raise seizure thresholds. The commonality in response indicates that catatonia, malignant catatonia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, toxic serotonin syndrome, delirious mania, catatonic excitement, benign stupor, and oneirophrenia are best evaluated as diverse manifestations of one syndrome for clinical and neuroscience research purposes.
约10%的重症急性精神疾病患者表现出一组运动体征（缄默、违拗、僵硬、姿势异常、刻板动作、凝视等），这些体征被确定为紧张症综合征。紧张症对镇静抗惊厥治疗（巴比妥类、苯二氮䓬类）和电休克治疗有反应。这些治疗会提高癫痫阈值。反应的共性表明，为了临床和神经科学研究目的，紧张症、恶性紧张症、抗精神病药恶性综合征、5-羟色胺综合征、谵妄性躁狂、紧张性兴奋、良性木僵和梦呓性精神错乱最好被视为一种综合征的不同表现形式。
