Sharpe Louise
Clinical Psychology Unit F12, Department of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
Clin Psychol Rev. 2002 Feb;22(1):1-25. doi: 10.1016/s0272-7358(00)00087-8.
With most Western countries expanding the availability of gambling facilities in recent decades, considerable research interest has developed in those people who develop problematic levels of gambling. In the recent decade, a large body of research has been conducted into the determinants of gambling behavior in an attempt to understand this complex social and psychological problem. Research has varied in its nature from investigating underlying biological, psychological, or social factors that are hypothesized to contribute to gambling behavior. Evidence now exists that biological, psychological, and social factors are all relevant to the development of problematic levels of gambling. However, the theoretical explanation for gambling has lagged behind the advances in empirical work in recent years. The purpose of the current paper is to provide a review of the major research findings in the area of gambling and propose a biopsychosocial model that integrates diverse areas of research. The model described is empirically derived, and it is hoped it will stimulate future research work that investigates not only individual factors and their relationship to gambling, but also the interactions between different variables.
近几十年来，随着大多数西方国家不断增加赌博设施的可及性，针对那些赌博成瘾的人，人们产生了浓厚的研究兴趣。在过去十年里，已经开展了大量关于赌博行为决定因素的研究，试图理解这一复杂的社会和心理问题。研究性质各异，有的研究潜在的生物学、心理学或社会因素，这些因素被假定与赌博行为有关。现在有证据表明，生物学、心理学和社会因素都与赌博成瘾的发展相关。然而，近年来，赌博的理论解释落后于实证研究的进展。本文的目的是综述赌博领域的主要研究发现，并提出一个整合不同研究领域的生物心理社会模型。所描述的模型是从实证中得出的，希望它能激发未来的研究工作，不仅研究个体因素及其与赌博的关系，还研究不同变量之间的相互作用。
