Cuchacovich Raquel
Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, 1542 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112-2822, USA.
Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2002 Feb;4(1):9-17. doi: 10.1007/s11926-002-0018-9.
Vasculitis is defined by the presence of leukocytes in the vessel wall with reactive damage to mural structures, leading to tissue ischemia and necrosis. The immunopathologic events that initiate the process of vascular inflammation and blood vessel damage are unclear. Damage of vascular endothelial cells and the recruitment and accumulation of the inflammatory infiltrate are determined by the endothelial cell and the bystanders, including the expression of adhesion molecules, the secretion of peptides and hormones, and the specific interaction with inflammatory cells. In addition to the endothelial cells, which provide costimulatory function, other cellular components and nonendothelial structures of the vessel wall are involved in controlling the inflammatory process, serve as antigen-presenting cells, and contribute with inflammatory mediators.
血管炎的定义是血管壁中存在白细胞，并伴有对血管壁结构的反应性损伤，从而导致组织缺血和坏死。引发血管炎症和血管损伤过程的免疫病理事件尚不清楚。血管内皮细胞的损伤以及炎性浸润的募集和积累由内皮细胞及旁观者决定，包括黏附分子的表达、肽和激素的分泌以及与炎性细胞的特异性相互作用。除了具有共刺激功能的内皮细胞外，血管壁的其他细胞成分和非内皮结构也参与控制炎症过程，充当抗原呈递细胞，并参与炎性介质的作用。
