Sorensen Glorian, Emmons Karen, Stoddard Anne M, Linnan Laura, Avrunin Jill
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Center for Community-Based Research, Department of Adult Oncology, 44 Binney Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Am J Health Promot. 2002 Jan-Feb;16(3):135-41. doi: 10.4278/0890-1171-16.3.135.
To examine occupational differences in social influences supporting quitting smoking and their relationships to intentions and self-efficacy to quit smoking and to quitting.
Data were collected as part of a large worksite cancer prevention intervention trial.
Forty-four worksites.
Subjects included 2626 smokers from a total baseline survey sample of 11,456 employees (response rate = 63%).
Differences by job category in social support for quitting, pressure to quit smoking, rewards for quitting, and nonacceptability of smoking were measured using mixed model analysis of variance and the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test. Their association to self-efficacy, intention to quit, and quitting smoking was assessed using mixed model analysis of variance and linear logistic regression modeling.
Compared with other workers, blue-collar workers reported less pressure to quit (p = .0001), social support for quitting (p = .0001), and nonacceptability of smoking among their coworkers (p < .001). Intention to quit was associated with higher levels of social pressure to quit smoking (p = .0001) and social support for quitting (p = .002). Self-efficacy was associated with social pressure to quit (p = .0001), social support for quitting (p = .004), and perceiving greater rewards for quitting (p = .0001).
Although these results are limited somewhat by response and attrition rates, these results suggest that differing social environments may contribute to the differences by occupational category in smoking prevalence and smoking cessation.
研究支持戒烟的社会影响因素中的职业差异，以及这些因素与戒烟意图、自我效能和戒烟行为之间的关系。
数据收集作为一项大型工作场所癌症预防干预试验的一部分。
44个工作场所。
对象包括来自11456名员工总基线调查样本中的2626名吸烟者（回复率=63%）。
使用方差混合模型分析和 Cochr an-Mantel-Haenszel 检验，测量不同职业类别在戒烟社会支持、戒烟压力、戒烟奖励以及吸烟不可接受性方面的差异。使用方差混合模型分析和线性逻辑回归模型评估它们与自我效能、戒烟意图和戒烟行为的关联。
与其他工人相比，蓝领工人报告的戒烟压力较小（p = 0.0001）、戒烟社会支持较少（p = 0.0001）以及同事中吸烟不可接受性较低（p < 0.001）。戒烟意图与较高水平的戒烟社会压力（p = 0.0001）和戒烟社会支持（p = 0.002）相关。自我效能与戒烟社会压力（p = 0.0001）、戒烟社会支持（p = 0.004）以及感知到更高的戒烟奖励（p = 0.0001）相关。
尽管这些结果在一定程度上受到回复率和损耗率的限制，但这些结果表明，不同的社会环境可能导致职业类别在吸烟流行率和戒烟方面存在差异。
