Borza T
Nevrologisk avdeling Sentralsjukehuset i Hedmark, Elverum 2418 Elverum.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2001 Dec 10;121(30):3551-4.
The Spanish flu pandemic killed between 50-100 million people worldwide in 1918-19. This article discusses Spanish flu in Norway between 1918-19 from three different approaches. How did Spanish flu affect Norway? Spanish flu was probably imported to Norway across the North Sea from Britain. From the middle of June 1918, Spanish flu swept across the country in three different waves: the summer epidemic of 1918, the autumn epidemic of 1918 and the winter epidemic of 1918-19. In Norway 13,000-15,000 died, most of them during the autumn of 1918 and mostly from pneumonia or pulmonary complications. What were the consequences? Most deaths occurred in young adults; many families experienced tragedies. Spanish flu is considered the worst demographic crisis of the twentieth century. The additional costs to the public purse were huge after the epidemic. Why was it that Spanish flu had such devastating effects? The virus causing the pandemic was very virulent and resulted in a higher mortality rate than that experienced during other pandemics. These characteristics may be explained by genetic features of the 1918 virus. This article points at conditions in Norway at the time of Spanish flu that may have contributed to the severity of the outbreak.
1918年至1919年间，西班牙流感大流行在全球造成了5000万至1亿人死亡。本文从三种不同的角度探讨了1918年至1919年间挪威的西班牙流感情况。西班牙流感对挪威产生了怎样的影响？西班牙流感可能是从英国经北海传入挪威的。从1918年6月中旬开始，西班牙流感分三波席卷全国：1918年夏季疫情、1918年秋季疫情和1918年至1919年冬季疫情。在挪威，有1.3万至1.5万人死亡，其中大部分人在1918年秋季死亡，主要死因是肺炎或肺部并发症。产生了哪些后果？大多数死亡发生在年轻人身上；许多家庭遭遇了悲剧。西班牙流感被认为是20世纪最严重的人口危机。疫情过后，公共财政的额外支出巨大。为什么西班牙流感会产生如此毁灭性的影响？引发这场大流行的病毒毒性极强，导致死亡率高于其他大流行期间。这些特征或许可以用1918年病毒的基因特性来解释。本文指出了西班牙流感时期挪威的一些情况，这些情况可能导致了疫情的严重程度。
